CVE-2025-11102: Campcodes LMS SQL Injection Vulnerability

CVE-2025-11102 Overview

A SQL Injection vulnerability has been identified in Campcodes Online Learning Management System version 1.0. The vulnerability affects an unknown function of the file /admin/edit_content.php. By manipulating the Title argument, an attacker can execute arbitrary SQL commands against the backend database. This attack can be launched remotely, and exploit details have been made publicly available.

Critical Impact

Remote attackers can exploit this SQL Injection vulnerability to manipulate database queries, potentially leading to unauthorized data access, data modification, or complete database compromise without requiring authentication.

Affected Products

• Campcodes Online Learning Management System 1.0

Discovery Timeline

• 2025-09-28 - CVE-2025-11102 published to NVD
• 2025-10-03 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-11102

Vulnerability Analysis

This vulnerability is a classic SQL Injection flaw (CWE-74: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component) affecting the administrative content editing functionality. The vulnerable endpoint /admin/edit_content.php fails to properly sanitize user-supplied input in the Title parameter before incorporating it into SQL queries.

When user input containing malicious SQL syntax is passed through the Title argument, the application constructs database queries without proper parameterization or input validation. This allows attackers to break out of the intended query structure and inject their own SQL commands, which are then executed with the privileges of the database user configured for the application.

The network-based attack vector means that exploitation can occur remotely without any prior authentication requirements, significantly increasing the exposure risk for internet-facing deployments of this learning management system.

Root Cause

The root cause of this vulnerability is improper input validation and the absence of parameterized queries (prepared statements) in the /admin/edit_content.php file. The application directly concatenates user-supplied input from the Title parameter into SQL query strings, creating an injection point that attackers can exploit.

This type of vulnerability typically occurs when developers construct SQL queries using string concatenation rather than using secure database APIs that separate SQL logic from data values. The lack of input sanitization or output encoding allows special SQL characters (such as single quotes, semicolons, and comment markers) to be interpreted as SQL syntax rather than literal data.

Attack Vector

The attack can be executed remotely over the network by any unauthenticated attacker who can reach the vulnerable endpoint. The exploitation process involves:

1. Accessing the /admin/edit_content.php endpoint
2. Submitting a crafted payload through the Title parameter containing SQL injection syntax
3. The malicious SQL commands execute against the backend database

The vulnerability allows for potential data exfiltration, modification of existing records, deletion of data, or in severe cases, execution of operating system commands if the database permissions allow. According to the GitHub Issue Report, exploit details have been publicly disclosed, increasing the risk of active exploitation attempts.

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-11102

Indicators of Compromise

• Unusual SQL error messages in application logs referencing /admin/edit_content.php
• Database query logs showing malformed or suspicious queries containing SQL syntax in the Title field
• Unexpected database modifications or unauthorized data access patterns
• Web server access logs showing requests to /admin/edit_content.php with encoded or suspicious Title parameter values

Detection Strategies

• Deploy Web Application Firewall (WAF) rules to detect SQL injection patterns in HTTP parameters targeting the edit_content.php endpoint
• Enable database query logging and monitor for anomalous query patterns, UNION-based injections, or error-based extraction attempts
• Implement application-level logging to capture all requests to administrative endpoints with parameter values
• Configure intrusion detection systems (IDS) to alert on SQL injection signature patterns in network traffic

Monitoring Recommendations

• Monitor web server logs for repeated failed requests or error responses from /admin/edit_content.php
• Set up alerts for database accounts exceeding normal query volumes or accessing sensitive tables
• Review application logs for PHP errors or database connection failures that may indicate exploitation attempts

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-11102

Immediate Actions Required

• Restrict network access to the /admin/edit_content.php endpoint using firewall rules or access control lists
• Implement Web Application Firewall rules to block SQL injection payloads targeting the vulnerable parameter
• Consider disabling or removing the affected functionality until a patch is available
• Audit database access logs for evidence of prior exploitation

Patch Information

No official patch has been released by the vendor at the time of publication. Organizations should monitor the CampCodes website for security updates. For additional technical details and tracking information, refer to VulDB #326183.

Workarounds

• Apply input validation to the Title parameter by implementing a whitelist of allowed characters
• Modify the application code to use parameterized queries or prepared statements for all database interactions
• Deploy a WAF in blocking mode with SQL injection detection rules enabled
• Limit database user privileges to the minimum required for application functionality (principle of least privilege)

# Example: Apache .htaccess to restrict access to vulnerable endpoint
<Files "edit_content.php">
    Order Deny,Allow
    Deny from all
    Allow from 192.168.1.0/24
</Files>