CVE-2025-11063: Campcodes Learning System SQLi Flaw

CVE-2025-11063 Overview

A SQL injection vulnerability has been identified in Campcodes Online Learning Management System version 1.0. This vulnerability affects the /admin/edit_department.php file, where improper handling of the d parameter allows attackers to inject malicious SQL statements. The vulnerability can be exploited remotely without authentication, potentially compromising the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the underlying database and application data.

Critical Impact

Remote attackers can exploit this SQL injection vulnerability to manipulate database queries, potentially extracting sensitive data, modifying records, or compromising the entire learning management system.

Affected Products

• Campcodes Online Learning Management System 1.0

Discovery Timeline

• 2025-09-27 - CVE CVE-2025-11063 published to NVD
• 2025-10-03 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-11063

Vulnerability Analysis

This SQL injection vulnerability exists in the administrative interface of the Campcodes Online Learning Management System. The vulnerable endpoint /admin/edit_department.php fails to properly sanitize user-supplied input in the d parameter before incorporating it into SQL queries. This injection flaw is classified under CWE-74 (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component), indicating that the application does not adequately neutralize special characters that could modify the intended SQL command structure.

The attack can be initiated remotely over the network and requires no special privileges or user interaction, making it accessible to unauthenticated attackers. Successful exploitation could result in unauthorized access to database contents, data manipulation, or potential further system compromise depending on the database configuration and privileges.

Root Cause

The vulnerability stems from inadequate input validation and lack of parameterized queries in the edit_department.php script. When the d parameter is passed to the application, it is directly concatenated into SQL statements without proper sanitization or the use of prepared statements. This allows attackers to break out of the intended query structure and inject arbitrary SQL commands that the database server will execute with the application's database privileges.

Attack Vector

The attack is conducted remotely over the network by sending crafted HTTP requests to the vulnerable /admin/edit_department.php endpoint. An attacker manipulates the d parameter to inject SQL code that alters the logic of the underlying database query. This could involve techniques such as UNION-based injection to extract data from other tables, boolean-based blind injection to infer database structure, or time-based blind injection for data exfiltration. The exploit has been publicly documented, increasing the risk of widespread exploitation attempts. For technical details regarding this vulnerability, see the GitHub Issue Discussion and VulDB entry #326100.

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-11063

Indicators of Compromise

• Unusual SQL error messages in web server logs originating from /admin/edit_department.php
• HTTP requests to /admin/edit_department.php containing SQL keywords such as UNION, SELECT, OR 1=1, or comment sequences like -- or /*
• Unexpected database query patterns or execution times
• Evidence of data exfiltration or unauthorized database access attempts

Detection Strategies

• Implement Web Application Firewall (WAF) rules to detect and block SQL injection patterns targeting the d parameter
• Configure intrusion detection systems (IDS) to alert on requests containing SQL injection signatures directed at /admin/edit_department.php
• Enable verbose logging for the web application and database to capture suspicious query attempts
• Monitor for failed authentication attempts or privilege escalation following SQL injection exploitation

Monitoring Recommendations

• Review web server access logs for anomalous requests to the /admin/ directory
• Set up real-time alerts for database errors indicating SQL syntax issues
• Monitor database audit logs for unauthorized SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, or DELETE operations
• Implement application-level logging to track parameter values passed to sensitive endpoints

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-11063

Immediate Actions Required

• Restrict access to the /admin/ directory to trusted IP addresses only
• Implement a Web Application Firewall with SQL injection protection rules
• Consider taking the affected application offline until a patch is available or the vulnerability is remediated
• Review database permissions to ensure the web application uses least-privilege access

Patch Information

No official vendor patch has been released for this vulnerability at the time of publication. Organizations using Campcodes Online Learning Management System 1.0 should monitor the Campcodes website for security updates. In the absence of an official fix, administrators must implement defensive measures and workarounds to protect their systems.

Workarounds

• Deploy a WAF configured to filter SQL injection attempts on the affected endpoint
• Modify the source code to implement prepared statements with parameterized queries for the d parameter
• Apply input validation to ensure the d parameter accepts only expected values (e.g., numeric department IDs)
• Restrict administrative interface access through network segmentation or VPN-only access

# Example: Restrict access to admin directory via Apache .htaccess
# Add to /admin/.htaccess
<Limit GET POST>
    Order deny,allow
    Deny from all
    Allow from 192.168.1.0/24
    Allow from 10.0.0.0/8
</Limit>