CVE-2025-11061: Campcodes Online LMS SQLi Vulnerability

CVE-2025-11061 Overview

A SQL Injection vulnerability has been identified in Campcodes Online Learning Management System version 1.0. The vulnerability exists in the /admin/edit_student.php file, where improper handling of the cys parameter allows attackers to inject malicious SQL queries. This flaw enables remote attackers to manipulate database queries without authentication, potentially leading to unauthorized data access, modification, or deletion.

Critical Impact

Remote attackers can exploit this SQL injection vulnerability to extract sensitive student and administrative data, modify database records, or potentially escalate privileges within the learning management system.

Affected Products

• Campcodes Online Learning Management System 1.0

Discovery Timeline

• 2025-09-27 - CVE-2025-11061 published to NVD
• 2025-10-03 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-11061

Vulnerability Analysis

This SQL Injection vulnerability (CWE-74: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component) occurs in the administrative interface of the Campcodes Online Learning Management System. The vulnerable endpoint /admin/edit_student.php fails to properly sanitize user-supplied input in the cys parameter before incorporating it into SQL queries. This allows attackers to craft malicious input that alters the intended SQL query logic.

The vulnerability is remotely exploitable without requiring authentication or user interaction, making it particularly dangerous for internet-facing installations of this learning management system.

Root Cause

The root cause of this vulnerability lies in insufficient input validation and the absence of parameterized queries or prepared statements in the application's database interaction layer. The cys argument is directly concatenated into SQL queries without proper escaping or sanitization, enabling injection of arbitrary SQL commands. This represents a fundamental failure to follow secure coding practices for database operations.

Attack Vector

The attack vector is network-based, allowing remote exploitation. An attacker can craft HTTP requests to the /admin/edit_student.php endpoint with specially formatted values in the cys parameter. These malicious values break out of the intended query context and execute attacker-controlled SQL statements against the backend database.

Successful exploitation could enable attackers to:

• Extract sensitive student records and personally identifiable information (PII)
• Dump administrative credentials from the database
• Modify or delete student records and course data
• Potentially achieve further system compromise depending on database configuration and privileges

The exploit methodology has been publicly disclosed, as referenced in the GitHub Issue CVE-5 and documented by VulDB.

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-11061

Indicators of Compromise

• Unusual or malformed requests to /admin/edit_student.php containing SQL syntax characters (e.g., single quotes, UNION, SELECT, OR 1=1)
• Database error messages in application logs indicating syntax errors or unexpected query behavior
• Unexpected database queries or data exfiltration patterns in database audit logs
• Anomalous access patterns to student records or administrative tables

Detection Strategies

• Deploy web application firewall (WAF) rules to detect and block SQL injection patterns targeting the cys parameter
• Enable verbose logging for the /admin/edit_student.php endpoint and monitor for suspicious parameter values
• Implement database activity monitoring to detect anomalous query patterns or unauthorized data access
• Use intrusion detection systems (IDS) with SQL injection detection signatures

Monitoring Recommendations

• Review web server access logs for requests to /admin/edit_student.php with unusual parameter lengths or encoded characters
• Monitor database query logs for statements containing injection patterns originating from the vulnerable endpoint
• Set up alerts for multiple failed database queries that may indicate injection attempts
• Audit database user privileges to ensure the application uses least-privilege database accounts

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-11061

Immediate Actions Required

• Restrict access to /admin/edit_student.php using network controls or authentication requirements until patching
• Deploy WAF rules to filter SQL injection attempts targeting the cys parameter
• Consider taking the vulnerable application offline if it processes sensitive student data
• Review database logs for signs of prior exploitation

Patch Information

At the time of publication, no official vendor patch has been released for this vulnerability. Organizations using Campcodes Online Learning Management System 1.0 should monitor the CampCodes website for security updates. Given the public disclosure of this vulnerability, implementing immediate workarounds is strongly recommended.

Workarounds

• Implement input validation at the web server or application gateway level to reject requests with SQL injection patterns in the cys parameter
• Use a reverse proxy or WAF to sanitize input before it reaches the vulnerable application
• Restrict database user privileges for the application to limit the impact of successful SQL injection
• Consider deploying a virtual patch through a WAF while awaiting an official fix

# Example WAF rule to block SQL injection in cys parameter (ModSecurity format)
SecRule ARGS:cys "@detectSQLi" \
    "id:100001,\
    phase:2,\
    deny,\
    status:403,\
    log,\
    msg:'SQL Injection attempt detected in cys parameter - CVE-2025-11061'"