CVE-2025-11062: Campcodes Learning Management SQLi Flaw

CVE-2025-11062 Overview

A SQL Injection vulnerability has been identified in Campcodes Online Learning Management System version 1.0. This vulnerability exists in the /admin/save_student.php file, where improper handling of the class_id parameter allows attackers to inject malicious SQL queries. The vulnerability can be exploited remotely without authentication, potentially compromising the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the underlying database.

Critical Impact

Unauthenticated attackers can exploit this SQL Injection vulnerability to extract sensitive data, modify database contents, or disrupt system availability through the manipulation of the class_id parameter in the student management functionality.

Affected Products

• Campcodes Online Learning Management System 1.0

Discovery Timeline

• 2025-09-27 - CVE-2025-11062 published to NVD
• 2025-10-03 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-11062

Vulnerability Analysis

This SQL Injection vulnerability stems from inadequate input validation in the administrative student management module of Campcodes Online Learning Management System. The vulnerable endpoint /admin/save_student.php fails to properly sanitize user-supplied input in the class_id parameter before incorporating it into SQL queries. This allows attackers to inject arbitrary SQL commands that execute with the privileges of the database user configured for the application.

The network-accessible attack vector with no authentication requirements makes this vulnerability particularly concerning for internet-facing deployments. Successful exploitation could allow attackers to bypass authentication mechanisms, extract student records and personally identifiable information (PII), modify grades or enrollment data, or potentially gain further access to the underlying system depending on database permissions.

Root Cause

The root cause is classified under CWE-74 (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component), specifically manifesting as SQL Injection. The application fails to implement parameterized queries or proper input sanitization for the class_id parameter in /admin/save_student.php. User-controlled input is directly concatenated into SQL statements without escaping or validation, allowing malicious SQL syntax to alter query logic.

Attack Vector

The vulnerability is exploitable over the network without requiring user interaction or prior authentication. An attacker can craft malicious HTTP requests to the /admin/save_student.php endpoint with specially crafted values in the class_id parameter. The injected SQL payload is then executed against the backend database, potentially allowing data exfiltration, data manipulation, or denial of service.

The exploit has been publicly disclosed according to available advisories. Attackers may leverage techniques such as UNION-based injection to retrieve data from other tables, blind SQL injection to infer database contents, or stacked queries (if supported by the database driver) to execute additional statements.

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-11062

Indicators of Compromise

• Unusual or malformed HTTP requests to /admin/save_student.php containing SQL syntax in the class_id parameter
• Database error messages exposed in application responses indicating SQL query failures
• Unexpected database queries or access patterns in database audit logs
• Evidence of data exfiltration or unauthorized access to student records

Detection Strategies

• Implement Web Application Firewall (WAF) rules to detect and block SQL injection patterns in requests to /admin/save_student.php
• Monitor application logs for requests containing suspicious characters such as single quotes, semicolons, or SQL keywords in the class_id parameter
• Enable database query logging and alert on anomalous query patterns or unauthorized data access
• Deploy network-based intrusion detection signatures for common SQL injection attack patterns

Monitoring Recommendations

• Enable verbose logging for the Campcodes Online Learning Management System and review logs for exploitation attempts
• Set up alerts for HTTP 500 errors or database connection failures that may indicate active exploitation
• Monitor database user account activity for unauthorized queries or privilege escalation attempts
• Conduct regular security audits of web application traffic targeting administrative endpoints

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-11062

Immediate Actions Required

• Restrict network access to the /admin/save_student.php endpoint using firewall rules or access control lists
• Implement a Web Application Firewall (WAF) with SQL injection protection rules
• Consider taking the application offline if it contains sensitive data and no patch is available
• Review database user permissions and apply principle of least privilege

Patch Information

No official vendor patch information is currently available. Organizations should monitor the Campcodes website for security updates. Additional technical details can be found in the GitHub Issue Discussion and VulDB entry #326099.

Workarounds

• Implement input validation at the application level to restrict class_id to expected numeric values only
• Deploy a reverse proxy or WAF with SQL injection filtering capabilities in front of the application
• Apply network segmentation to limit exposure of the vulnerable application to trusted networks
• Consider using virtual patching solutions until an official fix is released

# Example WAF rule for ModSecurity to block SQL injection attempts
SecRule ARGS:class_id "@detectSQLi" \
    "id:100001,\
    phase:2,\
    block,\
    msg:'SQL Injection attempt detected in class_id parameter',\
    log,\
    severity:'CRITICAL'"