CVE-2025-11075: Campcodes LMS SQL Injection Vulnerability

CVE-2025-11075 Overview

A SQL injection vulnerability has been identified in Campcodes Online Learning Management System version 1.0. This vulnerability affects the /admin/de_activate.php file, where improper handling of the ID argument allows attackers to inject malicious SQL statements. The attack can be launched remotely without authentication, potentially compromising the integrity and confidentiality of the underlying database. The exploit has been publicly disclosed, increasing the risk of active exploitation.

Critical Impact

Remote attackers can exploit this SQL injection vulnerability to extract sensitive data, modify database contents, or potentially escalate privileges within the affected Learning Management System.

Affected Products

• Campcodes Online Learning Management System 1.0

Discovery Timeline

• 2025-09-27 - CVE-2025-11075 published to NVD
• 2025-10-03 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-11075

Vulnerability Analysis

This SQL injection vulnerability occurs in the administrative functionality of the Campcodes Online Learning Management System. The vulnerable endpoint /admin/de_activate.php accepts an ID parameter that is not properly sanitized or parameterized before being incorporated into SQL queries. This allows an attacker to manipulate the database query logic by injecting arbitrary SQL code through the ID parameter.

The vulnerability is classified under CWE-74 (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component), which encompasses injection flaws where user-controlled input is not properly validated before being used in constructing commands or queries.

Root Cause

The root cause of this vulnerability is the lack of proper input validation and parameterized queries in the /admin/de_activate.php file. The application directly incorporates user-supplied data from the ID argument into SQL statements without sanitization, allowing special SQL characters and commands to be interpreted by the database engine.

Attack Vector

The vulnerability is exploitable remotely over the network. An attacker can craft malicious HTTP requests targeting the /admin/de_activate.php endpoint with a specially crafted ID parameter containing SQL injection payloads. Since no user interaction is required and the attack complexity is low, this vulnerability presents a significant risk to exposed installations.

The attacker could potentially:

• Extract sensitive user data including credentials
• Modify or delete database records
• Bypass authentication mechanisms
• Enumerate database structure and contents

For detailed technical information, see the GitHub CVE Issue Discussion and VulDB entry #326115.

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-11075

Indicators of Compromise

• Unusual or malformed requests to /admin/de_activate.php containing SQL syntax in the ID parameter
• Database error messages in application logs indicating SQL syntax errors
• Unexpected database query patterns such as UNION SELECT, OR 1=1, or time-based blind injection attempts
• Access logs showing repeated requests to the vulnerable endpoint with varying payloads

Detection Strategies

• Implement Web Application Firewall (WAF) rules to detect and block SQL injection patterns in request parameters
• Enable database query logging and monitor for anomalous queries originating from the application
• Deploy intrusion detection signatures for common SQL injection attack patterns targeting the ID parameter
• Review application access logs for suspicious activity on the /admin/de_activate.php endpoint

Monitoring Recommendations

• Configure real-time alerting for SQL injection attack signatures in WAF and IDS logs
• Monitor database performance metrics for unusual query execution times that may indicate time-based blind SQL injection
• Implement application-level logging to capture all input to sensitive administrative endpoints
• Establish baseline behavior for admin panel access and alert on deviations

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-11075

Immediate Actions Required

• Restrict network access to the /admin/de_activate.php endpoint using firewall rules or access control lists
• Implement input validation to sanitize the ID parameter, accepting only numeric values
• Deploy a Web Application Firewall (WAF) with SQL injection protection rules
• Review and audit all administrative endpoints for similar injection vulnerabilities
• Consider taking the affected application offline until patches are available

Patch Information

As of the last update on 2025-10-03, no official vendor patch has been released for this vulnerability. Organizations should monitor the Campcodes website for security updates and apply patches as soon as they become available.

Workarounds

• Implement prepared statements with parameterized queries in the vulnerable PHP file
• Apply strict input validation ensuring the ID parameter contains only integer values
• Use a WAF to filter SQL injection attempts at the network perimeter
• Limit access to administrative functions via IP whitelisting or VPN

# Example: Apache .htaccess rule to restrict admin access by IP
<Directory "/var/www/html/admin">
    Order Deny,Allow
    Deny from all
    Allow from 192.168.1.0/24
    Allow from 10.0.0.0/8
</Directory>