CVE-2025-10810: Campcodes Online LMS SQLi Vulnerability

CVE-2025-10810 Overview

A SQL Injection vulnerability has been identified in Campcodes Online Learning Management System version 1.0. The vulnerability exists in the /admin/edit_user.php file, where insufficient input validation on the firstname argument allows attackers to inject malicious SQL statements. This flaw can be exploited remotely without authentication, potentially enabling unauthorized database access, data manipulation, or extraction of sensitive information.

Critical Impact

Remote attackers can exploit this SQL injection vulnerability to compromise the underlying database, potentially accessing sensitive user credentials, academic records, and administrative data stored within the learning management system.

Affected Products

• Campcodes Online Learning Management System 1.0

Discovery Timeline

• 2025-09-22 - CVE-2025-10810 published to NVD
• 2025-09-25 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-10810

Vulnerability Analysis

This vulnerability is classified as CWE-74 (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component), specifically manifesting as a SQL Injection attack. The vulnerable endpoint /admin/edit_user.php fails to properly sanitize user-supplied input in the firstname parameter before incorporating it into SQL queries. Since this is an administrative function for editing user accounts, successful exploitation could grant attackers access to modify or extract user data across the entire learning management system.

The attack can be executed remotely over the network with no authentication requirements. The exploit has been made publicly available, increasing the risk of active exploitation attempts against unpatched installations.

Root Cause

The root cause of this vulnerability is improper input validation and lack of parameterized queries in the /admin/edit_user.php file. The application directly concatenates user-supplied data from the firstname parameter into SQL statements without proper sanitization or the use of prepared statements. This allows specially crafted input to break out of the intended query context and execute arbitrary SQL commands.

Attack Vector

The vulnerability is exploited via a network-based attack targeting the administrative user management functionality. An attacker can craft malicious HTTP requests to the /admin/edit_user.php endpoint, injecting SQL syntax through the firstname parameter. The injection payload could include UNION-based queries to extract data from other tables, time-based blind injection techniques to enumerate database contents, or stacked queries to modify or delete records.

Since the exploit is publicly documented, attackers may utilize automated tools to scan for vulnerable Campcodes Online Learning Management System installations and exploit this flaw at scale. Additional technical details can be found in the GitHub CVE Issue Discussion and the VulDB entry #325168.

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-10810

Indicators of Compromise

• Unusual or malformed HTTP POST requests to /admin/edit_user.php containing SQL syntax characters such as single quotes, double dashes, or UNION keywords in the firstname parameter
• Database error messages in application logs indicating SQL syntax errors or unexpected query behavior
• Unexpected database queries executing against user tables outside of normal application behavior
• Evidence of data exfiltration or unauthorized modifications to user records

Detection Strategies

• Implement Web Application Firewall (WAF) rules to detect and block SQL injection patterns in requests to /admin/edit_user.php
• Enable and monitor database query logging for anomalous SQL statements containing injection patterns
• Deploy intrusion detection systems (IDS) with signatures for common SQL injection attack payloads
• Review web server access logs for suspicious requests targeting the vulnerable endpoint

Monitoring Recommendations

• Monitor HTTP traffic for requests containing SQL injection payloads targeting the firstname parameter
• Set up alerts for database errors that may indicate failed injection attempts
• Track authentication and authorization events within the LMS administrative panel for unauthorized access
• Regularly audit user account records for unauthorized modifications

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-10810

Immediate Actions Required

• If possible, restrict access to the /admin/edit_user.php endpoint using network-level controls or authentication barriers
• Implement input validation on the firstname parameter to reject any SQL metacharacters
• Deploy a Web Application Firewall (WAF) to filter malicious requests until a patch is available
• Consider taking the application offline if it contains sensitive data and cannot be adequately protected

Patch Information

As of the last modification date (2025-09-25), no official vendor patch has been documented in the available references. Organizations using Campcodes Online Learning Management System 1.0 should monitor the CampCodes website for security updates. In the absence of an official patch, implementing code-level fixes using prepared statements and parameterized queries is strongly recommended.

Workarounds

• Implement parameterized queries or prepared statements in the /admin/edit_user.php file to prevent SQL injection
• Apply strict input validation to reject any non-alphanumeric characters in the firstname field
• Use a Web Application Firewall (WAF) with SQL injection detection rules as a temporary protective measure
• Restrict administrative panel access to trusted IP addresses only

# Example: Restrict access to admin panel via Apache .htaccess
<Directory "/var/www/html/admin">
    Order deny,allow
    Deny from all
    Allow from 192.168.1.0/24
    Allow from 10.0.0.0/8
</Directory>