CVE-2025-11315: Tipray Data Leakage Prevention SQLi Flaw

CVE-2025-11315 Overview

A SQL injection vulnerability has been identified in Tipray Data Leakage Prevention System (天锐数据泄露防护系统) version 1.0. The vulnerability exists in the findUserPage function within the findUserPage.do file, where improper handling of the sort parameter allows attackers to inject malicious SQL queries. This vulnerability can be exploited remotely without authentication, potentially allowing unauthorized access to sensitive database contents, data manipulation, and system compromise.

Critical Impact

Remote attackers can exploit this SQL injection vulnerability to extract sensitive data, modify database contents, or potentially gain unauthorized access to the underlying system through database exploitation techniques.

Affected Products

• Tipray Data Leakage Prevention System version 1.0
• Tipray 天锐数据泄露防护系统 version 1.0

Discovery Timeline

• October 6, 2025 - CVE-2025-11315 published to NVD
• November 3, 2025 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-11315

Vulnerability Analysis

This SQL injection vulnerability (CWE-89) exists due to improper input validation and sanitization in the findUserPage.do endpoint. The findUserPage function fails to properly validate or parameterize user-supplied input passed through the sort argument, allowing attackers to inject arbitrary SQL commands that are executed directly against the backend database.

The vulnerability falls under the broader category of injection flaws (CWE-74), where untrusted data is sent to an interpreter as part of a command or query. The network-accessible nature of the endpoint combined with the lack of authentication requirements makes this vulnerability particularly concerning for organizations using this Data Leakage Prevention system.

The exploit has been publicly disclosed, and the vendor was contacted about this vulnerability but did not respond. This lack of vendor response increases the risk exposure for affected systems, as no official patch is currently available.

Root Cause

The root cause of this vulnerability is insufficient input validation and the use of dynamic SQL query construction. The sort parameter is directly concatenated into SQL queries without proper sanitization, prepared statements, or parameterized queries. This allows attackers to break out of the intended query structure and inject malicious SQL commands.

Attack Vector

The attack is conducted remotely over the network by sending specially crafted HTTP requests to the vulnerable findUserPage.do endpoint. An attacker manipulates the sort parameter to inject SQL syntax that modifies the intended query behavior. Since no authentication is required to access the vulnerable endpoint, any network-accessible attacker can exploit this vulnerability.

The attack flow involves:

1. Identifying the vulnerable findUserPage.do endpoint
2. Crafting a malicious request with SQL injection payloads in the sort parameter
3. The application processes the request and executes the injected SQL against the database
4. The attacker receives data or achieves the intended malicious outcome through the response

For technical details on the exploitation mechanism, refer to the GitHub Vulnerability Document and the Proof of Concept documentation.

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-11315

Indicators of Compromise

• Unusual HTTP requests to findUserPage.do containing SQL syntax in the sort parameter
• Database error messages in application logs indicating SQL syntax errors or injection attempts
• Unexpected database queries containing ORDER BY, UNION SELECT, or time-based injection patterns
• Anomalous data access patterns or bulk data extraction from the user-related database tables

Detection Strategies

• Implement Web Application Firewall (WAF) rules to detect and block SQL injection patterns in the sort parameter
• Monitor application logs for requests to findUserPage.do with suspicious characters such as single quotes, UNION statements, or semicolons
• Deploy database activity monitoring to identify unusual query patterns or unauthorized data access
• Utilize intrusion detection systems (IDS) with SQL injection signature detection

Monitoring Recommendations

• Enable detailed logging for all requests to the findUserPage.do endpoint
• Set up alerts for database errors that may indicate SQL injection attempts
• Monitor network traffic for large data exfiltration from the DLP system's database
• Review access logs regularly for patterns consistent with automated SQL injection tools

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-11315

Immediate Actions Required

• Restrict network access to the Tipray Data Leakage Prevention System to trusted IP addresses only
• Place a Web Application Firewall (WAF) in front of the application to filter SQL injection attempts
• If possible, disable or restrict access to the findUserPage.do endpoint until a patch is available
• Implement network segmentation to isolate the DLP system from critical infrastructure
• Monitor the system closely for any signs of exploitation

Patch Information

No official patch is currently available from the vendor. According to the vulnerability disclosure, the vendor (Tipray/厦门天锐科技股份有限公司) was contacted about this vulnerability but did not respond. Organizations should monitor VulDB #327196 for updates and consider alternative mitigation strategies until a patch becomes available.

Workarounds

• Deploy a reverse proxy or WAF with SQL injection filtering capabilities in front of the application
• Implement input validation at the network layer using security appliances
• Restrict access to the vulnerable endpoint through firewall rules or access control lists
• Consider temporarily disabling the affected functionality if it is not critical to operations
• Evaluate alternative Data Leakage Prevention solutions with better security response practices

# Example WAF rule to block SQL injection in sort parameter
# ModSecurity rule example
SecRule ARGS:sort "@detectSQLi" \
    "id:100001,\
    phase:2,\
    deny,\
    status:403,\
    log,\
    msg:'SQL Injection attempt detected in sort parameter - CVE-2025-11315'"