CVE-2025-11313: Tipray DLP System SQLi Vulnerability

CVE-2025-11313 Overview

A SQL injection vulnerability has been identified in Tipray (厦门天锐科技股份有限公司) Data Leakage Prevention System (天锐数据泄露防护系统) version 1.0. The vulnerability exists in the findRolePage function within the findRolePage.do endpoint, where improper handling of the sort parameter allows attackers to inject malicious SQL queries. This flaw can be exploited remotely without authentication, potentially enabling unauthorized access to sensitive data, data manipulation, or further system compromise.

Critical Impact

This SQL injection vulnerability in a Data Leakage Prevention system is particularly concerning as it could allow attackers to bypass the very security controls designed to protect sensitive organizational data. A proof-of-concept exploit has been publicly disclosed.

Affected Products

• Tipray Data Leakage Prevention System version 1.0
• Systems running the findRolePage.do endpoint

Discovery Timeline

• 2025-10-06 - CVE-2025-11313 published to NVD
• 2025-11-03 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-11313

Vulnerability Analysis

This SQL injection vulnerability (CWE-89) stems from improper neutralization of special elements used in SQL commands within the Tipray Data Leakage Prevention System. The findRolePage function fails to adequately sanitize user-supplied input in the sort parameter before incorporating it into database queries.

The vulnerability is classified as an injection flaw (CWE-74), specifically SQL injection, which allows remote attackers to manipulate backend database queries. Since authentication is not required to exploit this flaw, any network-accessible attacker can potentially compromise the database integrity, extract sensitive information, or escalate their access within the system.

The vendor was contacted regarding this disclosure but did not respond, leaving affected systems without an official patch.

Root Cause

The root cause is insufficient input validation and lack of parameterized queries in the findRolePage.do endpoint. The sort parameter is directly concatenated into SQL statements without proper sanitization or the use of prepared statements, creating a classic SQL injection attack surface. This allows attackers to break out of the intended query structure and execute arbitrary SQL commands.

Attack Vector

The attack is network-based and can be executed remotely without requiring any authentication or user interaction. An attacker can craft malicious HTTP requests to the findRolePage.do endpoint, injecting SQL payloads through the sort parameter. The vulnerability requires low attack complexity, making it accessible to attackers with basic SQL injection knowledge.

The exploitation flow involves:

1. Identifying the vulnerable findRolePage.do endpoint
2. Crafting a malicious request with SQL injection payload in the sort parameter
3. Sending the request to extract data, modify records, or potentially gain further system access

Technical details and proof-of-concept information are available in the GitHub PoC Repository.

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-11313

Indicators of Compromise

• Unusual or malformed requests to findRolePage.do containing SQL syntax in the sort parameter
• Database error messages in application logs indicating SQL syntax errors or unexpected query behavior
• Anomalous database queries originating from the web application, particularly involving UNION, SELECT, or time-based injection patterns
• Unexpected data exfiltration or changes to role/permission data in the database

Detection Strategies

• Deploy Web Application Firewall (WAF) rules to detect and block SQL injection patterns targeting the sort parameter
• Implement database activity monitoring to identify suspicious query patterns, including UNION-based attacks, time-based blind injection, and error-based extraction
• Configure application logging to capture all requests to findRolePage.do with full parameter details
• Enable SQL audit logging on backend databases to track query anomalies

Monitoring Recommendations

• Monitor HTTP request logs for the findRolePage.do endpoint with focus on the sort parameter values
• Set up alerts for database errors that may indicate SQL injection attempts, such as syntax errors or constraint violations
• Implement network intrusion detection signatures for common SQL injection payloads
• Review database access patterns for unusual bulk data retrieval or privilege escalation attempts

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-11313

Immediate Actions Required

• Restrict network access to the Tipray Data Leakage Prevention System to trusted IP addresses only
• Implement WAF rules to block SQL injection attempts targeting the findRolePage.do endpoint
• Consider temporarily disabling the affected endpoint if functionality is not critical
• Audit database access logs for signs of prior exploitation
• Isolate the system from sensitive network segments until a permanent fix is available

Patch Information

No official patch has been released by the vendor. According to the vulnerability disclosure, the vendor (Tipray) was contacted about this security issue but did not respond. Organizations should implement the workarounds below and monitor for vendor updates. Additional details are available at VulDB #327194.

Workarounds

• Deploy a reverse proxy or WAF to filter and sanitize the sort parameter before it reaches the application
• Implement network segmentation to limit access to the vulnerable system from untrusted networks
• Use database account restrictions to limit the privileges of the application's database connection, following the principle of least privilege
• Consider implementing a custom input validation layer at the application or infrastructure level to reject requests containing SQL injection patterns

# Example WAF rule configuration (ModSecurity format)
# Block SQL injection attempts in sort parameter
SecRule ARGS:sort "@detectSQLi" \
    "id:100001,\
    phase:2,\
    deny,\
    status:403,\
    msg:'SQL Injection attempt in sort parameter - CVE-2025-11313',\
    log,\
    auditlog"