CVE-2025-6405: Campcodes Teacher Management SQL Injection

CVE-2025-6405 Overview

A SQL injection vulnerability has been identified in Campcodes Online Teacher Record Management System version 1.0. This vulnerability exists within the /admin/edit-teacher-detail.php file, where the editid parameter is not properly sanitized before being used in SQL queries. This flaw allows remote attackers to inject malicious SQL statements, potentially leading to unauthorized data access, modification, or deletion within the underlying database.

Critical Impact

Remote attackers can exploit this SQL injection vulnerability without authentication to access, modify, or delete sensitive teacher records and potentially escalate to full database compromise.

Affected Products

• Campcodes Online Teacher Record Management System version 1.0
• Web applications using the vulnerable /admin/edit-teacher-detail.php endpoint
• Systems with network-accessible administrative interfaces

Discovery Timeline

• 2025-06-21 - CVE-2025-6405 published to NVD
• 2025-06-24 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-6405

Vulnerability Analysis

This SQL injection vulnerability affects the administrative interface of the Online Teacher Record Management System. The vulnerable endpoint /admin/edit-teacher-detail.php accepts an editid parameter that is directly incorporated into SQL queries without proper sanitization or parameterized query implementation. The vulnerability can be exploited remotely over the network without requiring any authentication or user interaction, making it accessible to unauthenticated attackers who can reach the administrative interface.

The exploit has been publicly disclosed, increasing the risk of active exploitation in the wild. Successful exploitation could allow attackers to extract sensitive information from the database, including teacher personal data, authentication credentials, and administrative records.

Root Cause

The root cause of this vulnerability is the failure to properly validate and sanitize user-supplied input in the editid parameter before incorporating it into SQL queries. The application appears to use string concatenation to build SQL statements rather than implementing parameterized queries or prepared statements, which are industry-standard defenses against SQL injection attacks.

This represents a classic CWE-89 (SQL Injection) vulnerability pattern where user-controlled input is trusted and passed directly to database queries, combined with CWE-74 (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output) indicating a broader input validation failure.

Attack Vector

The attack can be launched remotely over the network against the /admin/edit-teacher-detail.php endpoint. An attacker would craft a malicious HTTP request containing SQL injection payloads in the editid parameter. Common attack techniques include:

• Union-based injection to extract data from other database tables
• Boolean-based blind injection to enumerate database contents
• Time-based blind injection when direct data exfiltration is not possible
• Stacked queries to execute multiple SQL statements including data modification or deletion

The vulnerability mechanism involves the direct interpolation of the editid parameter value into SQL queries. When an attacker submits a specially crafted value containing SQL metacharacters and commands, these are executed by the database server. For detailed technical information, refer to the GitHub CVE Issue Discussion and VulDB #313399.

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-6405

Indicators of Compromise

• Unusual SQL error messages in web server logs related to /admin/edit-teacher-detail.php
• HTTP requests to /admin/edit-teacher-detail.php containing SQL keywords such as UNION, SELECT, DROP, INSERT, or DELETE in the editid parameter
• Anomalous database queries or unexpected database access patterns
• Evidence of data exfiltration or unauthorized database modifications

Detection Strategies

• Implement Web Application Firewall (WAF) rules to detect and block SQL injection patterns in the editid parameter
• Deploy database activity monitoring to identify unusual query patterns or unauthorized data access
• Enable detailed logging on the web server and database to capture suspicious requests
• Configure intrusion detection systems (IDS) to alert on SQL injection attack signatures targeting PHP applications

Monitoring Recommendations

• Monitor access logs for repeated requests to /admin/edit-teacher-detail.php with varying editid values that contain special characters
• Set up alerts for database errors that may indicate injection attempts
• Review database audit logs for queries executed against teacher record tables
• Implement real-time security monitoring for web application traffic patterns

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-6405

Immediate Actions Required

• Restrict network access to the administrative interface using firewall rules or IP whitelisting
• Implement input validation on the editid parameter to accept only numeric values
• Deploy a Web Application Firewall (WAF) with SQL injection protection rules
• Consider temporarily disabling the vulnerable /admin/edit-teacher-detail.php functionality until a permanent fix is applied

Patch Information

As of the last update on 2025-06-24, no official vendor patch has been released for this vulnerability. Organizations using Campcodes Online Teacher Record Management System should monitor the Campcodes website for security updates. In the absence of an official patch, implementing the workarounds below is strongly recommended.

Additional technical details and community discussion can be found at the GitHub CVE Issue Discussion and VulDB CTI ID #313399.

Workarounds

• Implement parameterized queries (prepared statements) in the edit-teacher-detail.php file to prevent SQL injection
• Add server-side input validation to ensure the editid parameter contains only expected numeric values
• Restrict access to the administrative interface to trusted IP addresses only
• Deploy a reverse proxy with SQL injection filtering capabilities in front of the application

# Configuration example - Apache .htaccess to restrict admin access by IP
<Directory "/path/to/webroot/admin">
    # Restrict admin directory access to trusted IPs
    Require ip 192.168.1.0/24
    Require ip 10.0.0.0/8
    # Deny all other access
    Require all denied
</Directory>