CVE-2025-59739: Andsoft E-tms RCE Vulnerability

CVE-2025-59739 Overview

CVE-2025-59739 is a critical operating system command injection vulnerability in AndSoft's e-TMS version 25.03. This vulnerability allows an unauthenticated attacker to execute arbitrary operating system commands on the server by sending a specially crafted POST request. The injection point is the m parameter in the /clt/LOGINFRM_original.ASP endpoint, enabling direct command execution on the underlying server without requiring any prior authentication.

Critical Impact

This command injection vulnerability enables unauthenticated remote attackers to execute arbitrary operating system commands with the privileges of the web server process, potentially leading to complete system compromise, data exfiltration, and lateral movement within the network.

Affected Products

• AndSoft e-TMS version 25.03
• andsoft e-tms (cpe:2.3:a:andsoft:e-tms:25.03:::::::*)

Discovery Timeline

• 2025-10-02 - CVE-2025-59739 published to NVD
• 2025-10-02 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-59739

Vulnerability Analysis

This vulnerability represents a classic case of OS command injection (CWE-77, CWE-78) where user-supplied input is passed directly to an operating system command without proper sanitization or validation. The vulnerable endpoint /clt/LOGINFRM_original.ASP accepts POST requests containing a parameter named m that is incorporated into system commands executed on the server.

The lack of input validation allows attackers to inject shell metacharacters and additional commands that will be executed with the privileges of the web server process. Since no authentication is required to access this endpoint, any network-accessible attacker can exploit this vulnerability remotely.

Root Cause

The root cause of CVE-2025-59739 is improper input validation and sanitization of the m parameter in the ASP login form processing code. User-supplied data is concatenated directly into operating system command strings without escaping shell metacharacters or using parameterized command execution methods. This violates secure coding principles that mandate treating all user input as untrusted and potentially malicious.

Attack Vector

The attack vector is network-based, requiring no authentication and no user interaction. An attacker can exploit this vulnerability by sending a malicious POST request to the /clt/LOGINFRM_original.ASP endpoint with command injection payloads in the m parameter. Common injection techniques include using shell metacharacters such as semicolons (;), pipes (|), ampersands (&), or backticks to chain arbitrary commands.

The vulnerability manifests when the e-TMS application processes POST requests to the vulnerable ASP endpoint. When the m parameter contains command injection payloads using shell metacharacters, the server executes these commands with web server privileges. For detailed technical information, refer to the INCIBE CERT Notice.

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-59739

Indicators of Compromise

• Unusual POST requests to /clt/LOGINFRM_original.ASP containing shell metacharacters (;, |, &, backticks) in the m parameter
• Unexpected child processes spawned by the IIS worker process (w3wp.exe) or ASP application pool
• Command-line tools executing with web server account privileges (e.g., cmd.exe, powershell.exe, whoami, net.exe)
• Outbound network connections from the web server to unexpected external addresses
• New user accounts or scheduled tasks created on the server without administrative action

Detection Strategies

• Deploy web application firewall (WAF) rules to detect and block command injection patterns in POST request parameters
• Enable detailed logging on the e-TMS application and web server to capture all requests to /clt/LOGINFRM_original.ASP
• Implement endpoint detection and response (EDR) solutions to monitor for suspicious process execution chains originating from web server processes
• Use SentinelOne Singularity to detect behavioral anomalies including unexpected command execution from web application contexts

Monitoring Recommendations

• Configure alerts for any POST requests containing common command injection payloads targeting the vulnerable endpoint
• Monitor process creation events for command interpreters (cmd.exe, powershell.exe, bash) spawned by web server processes
• Establish baseline network behavior for the e-TMS server and alert on deviations indicating potential command and control communications
• Review web server logs regularly for patterns consistent with exploitation attempts or successful compromise

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-59739

Immediate Actions Required

• Restrict network access to the e-TMS application to trusted IP addresses only using firewall rules
• Place a web application firewall (WAF) in front of the e-TMS application with command injection detection rules enabled
• Monitor the vulnerable /clt/LOGINFRM_original.ASP endpoint for suspicious activity pending availability of a vendor patch
• Consider temporarily disabling the vulnerable endpoint if it is not critical to business operations
• Review system logs for evidence of prior exploitation attempts

Patch Information

No vendor patch information is currently available. Organizations should monitor the INCIBE CERT Notice for updates regarding security patches from AndSoft. Contact AndSoft directly for information on remediation options and patch availability.

Workarounds

• Implement strict IP whitelisting to limit access to the e-TMS application from trusted networks only
• Deploy a reverse proxy or WAF with strict input validation rules to filter malicious payloads before they reach the application
• Disable or rename the vulnerable /clt/LOGINFRM_original.ASP endpoint if an alternative login mechanism exists
• Implement network segmentation to isolate the e-TMS server from critical infrastructure and sensitive data stores
• Enable enhanced logging and monitoring on the server to detect and respond to exploitation attempts quickly

# Example: IIS URL Rewrite rule to block suspicious requests to vulnerable endpoint
# Add to web.config in the e-TMS application root
# <system.webServer>
#   <rewrite>
#     <rules>
#       <rule name="Block Command Injection" stopProcessing="true">
#         <match url="clt/LOGINFRM_original\.ASP" />
#         <conditions>
#           <add input="{QUERY_STRING}" pattern="[;&|`$]" />
#         </conditions>
#         <action type="AbortRequest" />
#       </rule>
#     </rules>
#   </rewrite>
# </system.webServer>