CVE-2025-59738: Andsoft E-tms RCE Vulnerability

CVE-2025-59738 Overview

An operating system command injection vulnerability exists in AndSoft's e-TMS version 25.03. This critical vulnerability allows unauthenticated attackers to execute arbitrary operating system commands on the server by sending specially crafted POST requests. The vulnerability is triggered through the m parameter in the /clt/LOGINFRM_BET.ASP endpoint, enabling complete server compromise without any user interaction or authentication requirements.

Critical Impact

Remote attackers can achieve full server compromise by injecting OS commands through an unauthenticated web endpoint, potentially leading to data theft, malware deployment, and lateral movement within the network.

Affected Products

• AndSoft e-TMS version 25.03
• Earlier versions of AndSoft e-TMS may also be affected

Discovery Timeline

• October 2, 2025 - CVE-2025-59738 published to NVD
• October 2, 2025 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-59738

Vulnerability Analysis

This vulnerability falls under CWE-78 (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command) and CWE-77 (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command). The affected component, /clt/LOGINFRM_BET.ASP, accepts user-controlled input through the m parameter without proper sanitization or validation. When processing POST requests, the application directly incorporates the user-supplied value into operating system command execution contexts.

The network-accessible nature of this vulnerability, combined with the lack of authentication requirements, makes it particularly dangerous. Attackers can remotely target vulnerable e-TMS installations without any prior access or user interaction, achieving high impact across confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the affected system.

Root Cause

The root cause of this vulnerability is the lack of input validation and sanitization on the m parameter within the LOGINFRM_BET.ASP file. The application fails to properly neutralize special characters and command metacharacters before passing user input to operating system command interpreters. This allows attackers to break out of the intended command context and inject arbitrary commands that execute with the privileges of the web application.

Attack Vector

The attack vector is network-based, requiring an attacker to send malicious HTTP POST requests to the vulnerable /clt/LOGINFRM_BET.ASP endpoint. The exploitation requires no authentication and no user interaction.

An attacker can craft a POST request containing OS command metacharacters (such as |, ;, &&, or backticks) within the m parameter. When processed by the vulnerable ASP page, these metacharacters terminate the intended command and execute the attacker's injected commands. Successful exploitation grants the attacker command execution capabilities with the same privileges as the web server process, typically allowing full system compromise.

For detailed technical information about this vulnerability, refer to the INCIBE Security Notice on Vulnerabilities.

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-59738

Indicators of Compromise

• Unusual POST requests to /clt/LOGINFRM_BET.ASP containing shell metacharacters (|, ;, &&, `, $()) in the m parameter
• Unexpected child processes spawned by the IIS worker process (w3wp.exe) or ASP processing engine
• Command-line utilities (cmd.exe, powershell.exe, certutil.exe, bitsadmin.exe) executed in the context of the web server
• Outbound network connections initiated from the web server to unfamiliar IP addresses

Detection Strategies

• Implement web application firewall (WAF) rules to detect and block OS command injection patterns in POST requests targeting ASP endpoints
• Monitor IIS logs for requests to /clt/LOGINFRM_BET.ASP with suspicious parameter values containing special characters
• Configure endpoint detection to alert on shell processes spawned as children of web server processes
• Enable process creation auditing on systems running e-TMS to track command execution chains

Monitoring Recommendations

• Enable detailed logging on the e-TMS application server to capture all incoming POST request parameters
• Implement network traffic analysis to detect potential command-and-control communications following exploitation
• Monitor for unauthorized file modifications in web-accessible directories that could indicate webshell deployment
• Review system event logs for privilege escalation attempts or account creation events

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-59738

Immediate Actions Required

• Restrict network access to the e-TMS application to trusted IP addresses only using firewall rules
• Consider temporarily disabling or restricting access to the /clt/LOGINFRM_BET.ASP endpoint until a patch is available
• Implement a web application firewall (WAF) with strict rules to block command injection payloads
• Review system logs for any signs of prior exploitation and investigate suspicious activity
• Isolate affected servers from critical network segments to limit potential lateral movement

Patch Information

Organizations should consult the INCIBE Security Notice on Vulnerabilities for official guidance on available patches and remediation steps. Contact AndSoft directly for information on security updates for e-TMS version 25.03 and subsequent versions.

Workarounds

• Deploy a reverse proxy or WAF in front of the e-TMS application configured to sanitize or block requests containing command injection patterns
• Restrict access to the vulnerable endpoint using URL-based access control rules at the web server or network level
• If the m parameter functionality is not business-critical, consider modifying the ASP code to disable parameter processing until an official patch is available
• Implement network segmentation to limit the blast radius of potential compromise
• Run the e-TMS application with minimal privileges to reduce the impact of successful command injection

# Example IIS URL Rewrite rule to block suspicious requests
# Add to web.config in the e-TMS application directory
<rule name="BlockCommandInjection" stopProcessing="true">
    <match url=".*LOGINFRM_BET\.ASP.*" />
    <conditions>
        <add input="{QUERY_STRING}" pattern="[|;&`$()]" />
    </conditions>
    <action type="CustomResponse" statusCode="403" statusReason="Forbidden" statusDescription="Request blocked" />
</rule>