CVE-2025-49050: WP Lead Capture SQL Injection Flaw

CVE-2025-49050 Overview

CVE-2025-49050 is a Blind SQL Injection vulnerability affecting the WP Lead Capturing Pages WordPress plugin (wp-lead-capture) developed by kamleshyadav. The vulnerability stems from improper neutralization of special elements used in SQL commands, allowing attackers to perform blind SQL injection attacks against WordPress installations using the vulnerable plugin.

Critical Impact

Attackers can exploit this blind SQL injection vulnerability to extract sensitive data from the WordPress database, potentially compromising user credentials, customer information, and site configuration data.

Affected Products

• WP Lead Capturing Pages plugin versions up to and including 2.5
• WordPress installations using the wp-lead-capture plugin

Discovery Timeline

• 2026-01-22 - CVE CVE-2025-49050 published to NVD
• 2026-01-22 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-49050

Vulnerability Analysis

This vulnerability is classified as CWE-89 (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command), commonly known as SQL Injection. The WP Lead Capturing Pages plugin fails to properly sanitize user-supplied input before incorporating it into SQL queries executed against the WordPress database.

Blind SQL Injection is a particularly dangerous variant where the attacker cannot directly see the query results but can infer information based on the application's behavior, response times, or error messages. This allows methodical extraction of database contents character by character.

Root Cause

The root cause of this vulnerability lies in the plugin's failure to implement proper input validation and parameterized queries. User-controllable input is directly concatenated into SQL statements without adequate sanitization, escaping, or use of prepared statements. WordPress provides built-in functions like $wpdb->prepare() specifically designed to prevent SQL injection, but the vulnerable plugin does not appear to utilize these protective mechanisms consistently.

Attack Vector

The attack vector involves submitting specially crafted input to vulnerable plugin endpoints. Since this is a blind SQL injection vulnerability, attackers typically use time-based or boolean-based techniques:

• Time-based blind SQL injection: The attacker crafts payloads that cause deliberate database delays when conditions are true, allowing data extraction by measuring response times
• Boolean-based blind SQL injection: The attacker observes differences in application responses to infer whether injected conditions evaluate to true or false

Successful exploitation could allow an attacker to read sensitive data from the database, modify or delete database contents, and in some configurations, potentially execute commands on the underlying server.

For technical details on this vulnerability, refer to the Patchstack WP Lead Capture Vulnerability advisory.

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-49050

Indicators of Compromise

• Unusual database query patterns in WordPress logs showing SQL syntax fragments in request parameters
• Slow page load times potentially indicating time-based SQL injection attempts
• Error logs containing SQL syntax errors or database connection anomalies
• Web application firewall alerts for SQL injection patterns targeting wp-lead-capture endpoints

Detection Strategies

• Deploy web application firewalls (WAF) with SQL injection detection rules enabled
• Monitor WordPress database query logs for anomalous or malformed queries
• Implement intrusion detection systems (IDS) with signatures for common SQL injection payloads
• Review access logs for requests containing SQL keywords or special characters targeting plugin endpoints

Monitoring Recommendations

• Enable detailed logging for the WordPress database layer to capture all executed queries
• Configure alerting for database query execution times exceeding normal thresholds
• Monitor for automated scanning tools commonly used for SQL injection discovery
• Implement real-time monitoring of plugin-related HTTP requests for injection patterns

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-49050

Immediate Actions Required

• Deactivate and remove the WP Lead Capturing Pages plugin if not critical to operations
• Implement a web application firewall with SQL injection protection rules
• Review WordPress database for signs of compromise or unauthorized data access
• Change all WordPress user passwords and database credentials as a precaution
• Consider restricting access to the WordPress admin panel to trusted IP addresses

Patch Information

As of the published date, the vulnerability affects all versions of WP Lead Capturing Pages through 2.5. Site administrators should check the Patchstack advisory and the WordPress plugin repository for any available security updates. If no patch is available, strongly consider removing the plugin until a fix is released.

Workarounds

• Disable the WP Lead Capturing Pages plugin until a patched version is available
• Implement virtual patching through a WAF to block SQL injection attempts targeting the plugin
• Use WordPress security plugins that provide SQL injection protection at the application layer
• Restrict database user privileges for the WordPress installation to minimize potential damage from exploitation

# Configuration example - WAF rule to block common SQL injection patterns
# Example ModSecurity rule for Apache/Nginx
SecRule ARGS "@rx (?i)(\b(union|select|insert|update|delete|drop|alter)\b)" \
    "id:1001,phase:2,deny,status:403,msg:'SQL Injection Attempt Detected'"

# Alternatively, disable the plugin via WP-CLI
wp plugin deactivate wp-lead-capture --path=/var/www/html/wordpress