CVE-2025-4882: Restaurant Management System SQLi Flaw

CVE-2025-4882 Overview

A SQL Injection vulnerability has been identified in itsourcecode Restaurant Management System version 1.0. This vulnerability affects the /admin/team_update.php file, where manipulation of the team argument allows attackers to inject malicious SQL commands. The vulnerability can be exploited remotely without authentication, potentially allowing unauthorized access to sensitive database information, data manipulation, or complete database compromise.

Critical Impact

Remote attackers can exploit this SQL Injection vulnerability to extract, modify, or delete database contents, potentially compromising all restaurant management data including customer information, orders, and administrative credentials.

Affected Products

• Adonesevangelista Restaurant Management System 1.0
• itsourcecode Restaurant Management System 1.0

Discovery Timeline

• 2025-05-18 - CVE CVE-2025-4882 published to NVD
• 2025-05-21 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-4882

Vulnerability Analysis

This SQL Injection vulnerability exists within the administrative panel of the Restaurant Management System. The vulnerable endpoint /admin/team_update.php fails to properly sanitize user-supplied input in the team parameter before incorporating it into SQL queries. This lack of input validation allows attackers to inject arbitrary SQL commands that are executed by the database server with the privileges of the application's database user.

The vulnerability is network-accessible, requiring no authentication or user interaction to exploit. Successful exploitation can lead to unauthorized data access, data modification, or data deletion. In severe cases, attackers may escalate to command execution on the underlying server if database functions such as xp_cmdshell (SQL Server) or LOAD_FILE() (MySQL) are enabled.

Root Cause

The root cause of this vulnerability is improper input validation and lack of parameterized queries in the PHP application. The team parameter is directly concatenated into SQL statements without sanitization, escaping, or use of prepared statements. This is a classic example of CWE-89 (SQL Injection) and CWE-74 (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component).

Attack Vector

The attack is initiated remotely over the network. An attacker can craft malicious HTTP requests to the /admin/team_update.php endpoint, injecting SQL payloads through the team parameter. Since the vulnerability requires no prior authentication and no user interaction, it can be exploited by any remote attacker who can reach the administrative interface.

The exploitation mechanism involves submitting specially crafted input containing SQL syntax through the vulnerable parameter. Common attack techniques include UNION-based injection for data extraction, boolean-based blind injection for data enumeration, and time-based blind injection when direct output is not visible.

For technical details and proof of concept information, see the GitHub CVE Issue Discussion and the VulDB entry.

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-4882

Indicators of Compromise

• Unusual SQL error messages in web server logs or application logs originating from /admin/team_update.php
• Web access logs showing suspicious patterns in the team parameter such as SQL keywords (UNION, SELECT, DROP, OR 1=1)
• Database query logs containing malformed or unexpected queries from the application
• Unexpected database modifications or data extraction activities

Detection Strategies

• Deploy web application firewalls (WAF) with SQL Injection detection rules targeting the /admin/team_update.php endpoint
• Implement input validation monitoring to detect SQL injection patterns in HTTP request parameters
• Enable database query logging and monitor for anomalous query patterns or error rates
• Use intrusion detection systems (IDS) with signatures for common SQL injection payloads

Monitoring Recommendations

• Monitor HTTP traffic to /admin/team_update.php for malicious payloads in the team parameter
• Enable verbose logging on the web server and database to capture potential exploitation attempts
• Set up alerts for database errors and authentication failures that may indicate active exploitation
• Review access logs regularly for unusual patterns or high-frequency requests to administrative endpoints

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-4882

Immediate Actions Required

• Restrict network access to the administrative panel (/admin/) to trusted IP addresses only
• Implement a web application firewall (WAF) to filter SQL injection attempts
• If possible, temporarily disable the /admin/team_update.php functionality until a patch is available
• Review database user privileges and apply least-privilege principles to limit potential damage

Patch Information

No official vendor patch has been identified for this vulnerability. The itsourcecode Restaurant Management System is a publicly available source code project, and users should apply manual code fixes or seek updated versions if available. For more information, visit the IT Source Code website or review the VulDB advisory.

Workarounds

• Implement input validation and sanitization for the team parameter in /admin/team_update.php
• Replace direct SQL query concatenation with parameterized queries or prepared statements
• Restrict access to administrative endpoints using IP whitelisting or VPN requirements
• Consider deploying a reverse proxy with SQL injection filtering capabilities in front of the application

# Example: Restrict access to admin directory via .htaccess
# Place this in the /admin/ directory

# Deny access from all IPs except trusted ranges
Order deny,allow
Deny from all
Allow from 192.168.1.0/24
Allow from 10.0.0.0/8

# Alternative: Require authentication
# AuthType Basic
# AuthName "Restricted Admin Area"
# AuthUserFile /path/to/.htpasswd
# Require valid-user