CVE-2025-4865: Restaurant Management System SQLi Flaw

CVE-2025-4865 Overview

A critical SQL injection vulnerability has been identified in itsourcecode Restaurant Management System version 1.0. The vulnerability exists in the file /admin/member_save.php where the last parameter is improperly handled, allowing attackers to inject malicious SQL queries. This security flaw can be exploited remotely without authentication, potentially compromising the entire database backend of affected restaurant management installations.

Critical Impact

Remote attackers can exploit this SQL injection vulnerability to extract, modify, or delete sensitive data from the database, including customer information, financial records, and administrative credentials. The exploit has been publicly disclosed, increasing the risk of active exploitation.

Affected Products

• adonesevangelista restaurant_management_system 1.0
• Restaurant Management System by itsourcecode version 1.0
• Deployments using /admin/member_save.php endpoint

Discovery Timeline

• 2025-05-18 - CVE CVE-2025-4865 published to NVD
• 2025-05-21 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-4865

Vulnerability Analysis

This SQL injection vulnerability occurs when user-supplied input through the last parameter in /admin/member_save.php is concatenated directly into SQL queries without proper sanitization or parameterization. The application fails to implement prepared statements or input validation, allowing attackers to manipulate the SQL query structure.

The vulnerability is classified under CWE-89 (SQL Injection) and CWE-74 (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component). The attack can be launched remotely over the network without requiring any authentication or user interaction, making it particularly dangerous for internet-facing installations.

Additional parameters in the same endpoint may also be vulnerable, suggesting systemic input validation issues throughout the application.

Root Cause

The root cause of this vulnerability is the lack of input sanitization and the use of dynamic SQL query construction. The last parameter value is directly interpolated into SQL statements without using prepared statements, parameterized queries, or proper escaping mechanisms. This is a common vulnerability pattern in legacy PHP applications that directly concatenate user input into database queries.

Attack Vector

The attack vector is network-based, requiring no authentication or privileges. An attacker can craft malicious HTTP requests to the /admin/member_save.php endpoint, injecting SQL syntax through the last parameter. Successful exploitation could allow the attacker to:

• Extract sensitive data from the database including user credentials and personal information
• Modify or delete database records
• Potentially execute administrative operations on the database server
• In some configurations, achieve command execution on the underlying system

The vulnerability exploitation involves sending crafted requests with SQL metacharacters in the last parameter to break out of the intended query context and inject arbitrary SQL commands.

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-4865

Indicators of Compromise

• Unusual HTTP POST requests to /admin/member_save.php containing SQL syntax characters such as single quotes, double dashes, or UNION statements
• Database logs showing unexpected queries, syntax errors, or UNION-based selections
• Web server access logs with encoded SQL injection payloads in request parameters
• Unexpected data modifications or extractions from member-related database tables

Detection Strategies

• Deploy Web Application Firewall (WAF) rules to detect and block SQL injection patterns targeting the /admin/member_save.php endpoint
• Monitor application logs for requests containing SQL keywords (UNION, SELECT, INSERT, DELETE, DROP) in the last parameter
• Implement database activity monitoring to detect anomalous query patterns or unauthorized data access
• Use intrusion detection systems with signatures for common SQL injection attack patterns

Monitoring Recommendations

• Enable detailed logging on the web server for all requests to administrative endpoints
• Configure database audit logging to capture all queries executed against member-related tables
• Set up alerts for failed SQL query patterns that may indicate exploitation attempts
• Monitor for unusual outbound data transfers that could indicate data exfiltration

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-4865

Immediate Actions Required

• Restrict access to /admin/member_save.php through IP whitelisting or authentication controls
• Deploy WAF rules to block SQL injection attempts targeting the vulnerable endpoint
• Consider taking the application offline if it handles sensitive data until a patch is available
• Audit database logs for signs of prior exploitation

Patch Information

No official vendor patch has been released for this vulnerability. The affected software is an open-source project available through itsourcecode. Organizations using this software should implement the workarounds below and monitor for any security updates from the developer. For technical details and community discussion, refer to the GitHub CVE Issue Discussion and the VulDB Detailed Analysis #309407.

Workarounds

• Implement input validation and sanitization for all user-supplied parameters before processing
• Replace dynamic SQL query construction with prepared statements and parameterized queries
• Deploy a Web Application Firewall (WAF) with SQL injection protection rules
• Restrict network access to the administrative interface to trusted IP addresses only
• Consider implementing virtual patching through reverse proxy or WAF while awaiting an official fix

# Example Apache .htaccess to restrict access to admin directory
<Files "member_save.php">
    Order Deny,Allow
    Deny from all
    Allow from 192.168.1.0/24
    Allow from 10.0.0.0/8
</Files>