CVE-2025-4864: Restaurant Management System SQL Injection

CVE-2025-4864 Overview

A critical SQL Injection vulnerability has been identified in itsourcecode Restaurant Management System version 1.0. This vulnerability exists in the /admin/finished.php file, where improper handling of the ID parameter allows attackers to inject malicious SQL statements. The vulnerability can be exploited remotely without authentication, potentially compromising the entire database backend of affected restaurant management installations.

Critical Impact

Unauthenticated attackers can exploit this SQL injection flaw to extract sensitive data, modify database records, or potentially gain unauthorized access to the underlying server through advanced SQL injection techniques.

Affected Products

• Adonesevangelista Restaurant Management System 1.0
• itsourcecode Restaurant Management System 1.0

Discovery Timeline

• 2025-05-18 - CVE-2025-4864 published to NVD
• 2025-05-21 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-4864

Vulnerability Analysis

This vulnerability is classified as CWE-89 (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command) and CWE-74 (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component). The flaw resides in the administrative interface of the Restaurant Management System, specifically within the finished.php script that processes order completion requests.

The application fails to properly sanitize or parameterize the ID parameter before incorporating it into SQL queries. This allows an attacker to manipulate the query logic by injecting SQL syntax through the vulnerable parameter. Since the vulnerability exists in the admin panel's order management functionality, successful exploitation could provide access to customer information, financial records, and administrative credentials stored in the database.

The network-accessible nature of this vulnerability combined with no authentication requirements significantly increases the risk exposure for publicly accessible installations.

Root Cause

The root cause of this vulnerability is insufficient input validation and the absence of parameterized queries (prepared statements) in the /admin/finished.php file. The ID parameter is directly concatenated into SQL statements without proper sanitization, escaping, or type validation. This is a common coding mistake in PHP applications where user-supplied input is trusted and incorporated directly into database queries.

Attack Vector

The attack can be executed remotely over the network against any exposed Restaurant Management System installation. An attacker would craft HTTP requests to the /admin/finished.php endpoint with malicious SQL payloads in the ID parameter. Exploitation does not require authentication or user interaction, making it straightforward for attackers to identify and exploit using automated tools or manual testing.

The vulnerability allows various SQL injection attack techniques including:

• UNION-based injection to extract data from other tables
• Boolean-based blind injection to infer database contents
• Time-based blind injection for stealthier data extraction
• Error-based injection if verbose error messages are enabled

Since no verified proof-of-concept code is available, the specific exploitation technique would involve crafting requests to /admin/finished.php with manipulated ID parameter values containing SQL metacharacters and injection payloads. Technical details are available through the GitHub CVE Issue Discussion and VulDB #309406.

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-4864

Indicators of Compromise

• HTTP requests to /admin/finished.php containing SQL metacharacters such as single quotes, double dashes, or UNION statements in the ID parameter
• Unusual database query patterns or errors in application logs indicating SQL syntax errors
• Unexpected data extraction attempts or large data transfers from the database server
• Web access logs showing repeated requests to finished.php with varying ID parameter values

Detection Strategies

• Deploy Web Application Firewall (WAF) rules to detect SQL injection patterns in the ID parameter targeting /admin/finished.php
• Implement database activity monitoring to identify anomalous query patterns or unauthorized data access
• Configure intrusion detection systems (IDS) with signatures for common SQL injection attack strings
• Enable detailed application logging and monitor for SQL error messages or unusual query execution

Monitoring Recommendations

• Monitor HTTP access logs for requests to /admin/finished.php with suspicious parameter values
• Set up alerts for database authentication failures or privilege escalation attempts
• Review database audit logs for queries containing injection patterns or accessing sensitive tables
• Implement real-time monitoring of web application traffic for SQL injection signatures

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-4864

Immediate Actions Required

• Restrict access to the /admin/ directory using IP whitelisting or additional authentication layers
• Deploy a Web Application Firewall (WAF) with SQL injection detection rules in front of the application
• Consider taking the application offline if it contains sensitive data until a patch is available
• Review database user permissions to ensure the application uses least-privilege database accounts

Patch Information

As of the last update on 2025-05-21, no official vendor patch has been released for this vulnerability. Users of itsourcecode Restaurant Management System should monitor the IT Source Code Resource website for security updates. Given the severity of SQL injection vulnerabilities, immediate implementation of mitigating controls is strongly recommended.

Workarounds

• Implement input validation on the server-side to ensure the ID parameter contains only numeric values
• Use prepared statements with parameterized queries if modifying the source code is possible
• Place the application behind a reverse proxy with SQL injection filtering capabilities
• Restrict network access to the admin interface using firewall rules to trusted IP addresses only

# Example Apache .htaccess restriction for admin directory
<Directory "/var/www/html/admin">
    Order Deny,Allow
    Deny from all
    Allow from 192.168.1.0/24
    Allow from 10.0.0.0/8
</Directory>