CVE-2025-41337: Canaldenuncia.app Auth Bypass Vulnerability

CVE-2025-41337 Overview

A lack of authorization vulnerability has been detected in CanalDenuncia.app. This vulnerability allows an attacker to access other users' information by sending a POST request through the parameter web in /backend/api/buscarSSOParametros.php. This authorization bypass flaw (CWE-862: Missing Authorization) enables unauthenticated attackers to enumerate and retrieve sensitive user data without proper access controls.

Critical Impact
Unauthorized access to user information through missing authorization checks in the API endpoint, potentially exposing sensitive data across the platform.

Affected Products

CanalDenuncia CanalDenuncia.app (all versions)

Discovery Timeline

2025-11-04 - CVE-2025-41337 published to NVD
2025-11-05 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-41337

Vulnerability Analysis

This vulnerability stems from a missing authorization mechanism (CWE-862) in the CanalDenuncia.app web application. The affected endpoint /backend/api/buscarSSOParametros.php fails to verify whether the requesting user has appropriate permissions to access the requested data. An attacker can exploit this flaw by manipulating the web POST parameter to retrieve information belonging to other users.

The vulnerability is accessible over the network without authentication, meaning any remote attacker can potentially exploit this issue to access sensitive user information. The confidentiality impact is significant as attackers can retrieve data that should be restricted to authorized users only.

Root Cause

The root cause of this vulnerability is the absence of proper authorization checks in the buscarSSOParametros.php API endpoint. The application accepts user-supplied input via the web parameter and returns SSO (Single Sign-On) parameters without validating whether the requesting party has legitimate access to the requested information. This is a classic Insecure Direct Object Reference (IDOR) pattern where user-controlled input directly references backend resources without access control validation.

Attack Vector

The attack vector is network-based and requires no authentication or user interaction. An attacker can exploit this vulnerability by:

Identifying the vulnerable endpoint at /backend/api/buscarSSOParametros.php
Crafting malicious POST requests with manipulated web parameter values
Iterating through potential values to enumerate and extract user information
Collecting sensitive data that should be protected by authorization controls

The vulnerability does not require any privileges to exploit, making it accessible to anonymous attackers. The attack complexity is low as no special conditions or sophisticated techniques are required.

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-41337

Indicators of Compromise

Unusual POST request patterns to /backend/api/buscarSSOParametros.php endpoint
High volume of requests with varying web parameter values from single IP addresses
Access log entries showing sequential or enumeration-style parameter values
Requests to the SSO parameter endpoint from unexpected geographic locations or IP ranges

Detection Strategies

Implement web application firewall (WAF) rules to detect and block suspicious POST request patterns to the affected endpoint
Monitor API access logs for anomalous request frequencies targeting buscarSSOParametros.php
Deploy intrusion detection system (IDS) signatures to identify parameter enumeration attempts
Enable rate limiting on the affected API endpoint to detect and throttle potential exploitation attempts

Monitoring Recommendations

Configure alerting for unusual access patterns to the /backend/api/ directory
Establish baseline metrics for normal API usage and alert on deviations
Monitor for data exfiltration indicators such as large response payloads from the affected endpoint
Review authentication logs for correlation with API access patterns

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-41337

Immediate Actions Required

Restrict access to the /backend/api/buscarSSOParametros.php endpoint until a patch is available
Implement network-level access controls to limit exposure of the vulnerable endpoint
Deploy WAF rules to block unauthorized access attempts to the affected API
Review access logs for potential historical exploitation and assess data exposure

Patch Information

Refer to the INCIBE Security Notice for official vendor guidance and patch availability. Organizations should monitor this advisory for updates regarding security fixes from CanalDenuncia.

Workarounds

Implement server-side authorization checks to validate user permissions before returning data
Add authentication requirements to the affected API endpoint
Deploy IP-based access restrictions to limit endpoint access to trusted networks only
Consider disabling the vulnerable endpoint temporarily if not critical to business operations

bash

# Example: Apache .htaccess restriction for the vulnerable endpoint
<Files "buscarSSOParametros.php">
    Order Deny,Allow
    Deny from all
    Allow from 192.168.1.0/24
</Files>