CVE-2025-41335 Overview
A critical authorization bypass vulnerability has been identified in CanalDenuncia.app, a web-based whistleblowing and complaint management platform. This vulnerability (CWE-862: Missing Authorization) allows unauthenticated attackers to access sensitive user information belonging to other users by manipulating POST request parameters to the /api/buscarEmpresaById.php endpoint.
Critical Impact
Unauthorized access to sensitive user and company data through parameter manipulation, potentially exposing confidential whistleblower information and organizational data.
Affected Products
- CanalDenuncia CanalDenuncia.app (all versions)
Discovery Timeline
- 2025-11-04 - CVE CVE-2025-41335 published to NVD
- 2025-11-05 - Last updated in NVD database
Technical Details for CVE-2025-41335
Vulnerability Analysis
This vulnerability stems from a missing authorization check in the CanalDenuncia.app API endpoint responsible for retrieving company information. The application fails to verify whether the requesting user has legitimate access rights to the data being requested, allowing any user to retrieve information belonging to other organizations or users within the system.
The vulnerable endpoint /api/buscarEmpresaById.php accepts POST requests containing id and id_sociedad parameters. Due to the absence of proper authorization controls, an attacker can enumerate these identifiers and retrieve data for any entity in the system without proper authentication or access verification. This type of Insecure Direct Object Reference (IDOR) vulnerability is particularly dangerous in whistleblowing platforms where confidentiality is paramount.
Root Cause
The root cause of this vulnerability is the complete absence of authorization logic in the /api/buscarEmpresaById.php endpoint. The API directly processes user-supplied id and id_sociedad parameters without validating whether the requesting user has permission to access the corresponding records. This represents a fundamental failure to implement access control checks before returning sensitive data.
Attack Vector
The vulnerability is exploitable remotely over the network without requiring authentication. An attacker can craft POST requests to the vulnerable endpoint with arbitrary values for the id and id_sociedad parameters. By systematically enumerating these identifiers, an attacker can extract sensitive information for all companies and users registered in the CanalDenuncia.app platform.
The attack is straightforward to execute—an attacker simply needs to send POST requests with modified parameter values to the vulnerable API endpoint. No special tools or complex exploitation techniques are required, making this vulnerability accessible to attackers with basic web application testing knowledge.
Detection Methods for CVE-2025-41335
Indicators of Compromise
- Unusual patterns of POST requests to /api/buscarEmpresaById.php with sequential or brute-forced id values
- High volume of API requests from a single source targeting company lookup endpoints
- Access logs showing requests for multiple company IDs from users who should only have access to one
- Anomalous data exfiltration patterns through the company search API
Detection Strategies
- Implement web application firewall (WAF) rules to detect and block parameter enumeration attempts
- Monitor API access logs for suspicious patterns of sequential ID requests
- Configure SIEM alerts for abnormal volumes of requests to the vulnerable endpoint
- Deploy behavioral analysis to identify users accessing resources outside their normal scope
Monitoring Recommendations
- Enable detailed logging for all API endpoints, particularly /api/buscarEmpresaById.php
- Set up rate limiting alerts to detect enumeration attempts
- Implement user behavior analytics to identify unauthorized data access patterns
- Review access logs regularly for signs of horizontal privilege escalation attempts
How to Mitigate CVE-2025-41335
Immediate Actions Required
- Restrict access to the vulnerable /api/buscarEmpresaById.php endpoint until a patch is available
- Implement IP-based access controls to limit API exposure to trusted networks
- Enable enhanced logging and monitoring for the affected endpoint
- Review access logs for evidence of prior exploitation and potential data exposure
- Contact CanalDenuncia for updated software or interim security guidance
Patch Information
As of the last NVD update on 2025-11-05, no official patch information has been released. Organizations should consult the INCIBE Security Notice for the latest remediation guidance and monitor vendor communications for security updates.
Workarounds
- Implement server-side authorization checks to validate user permissions before returning data
- Add session-based validation to ensure users can only access their own organizational data
- Deploy a reverse proxy or WAF to filter suspicious requests to the vulnerable endpoint
- Consider temporarily disabling the company search API if not critical to operations
- Implement rate limiting to prevent enumeration attacks
Organizations should implement proper authorization controls at the application layer. For the vulnerable endpoint, ensure that every request validates the authenticated user's permission to access the requested id and id_sociedad resources before returning any data. This typically involves checking the user's session or token against an access control list or database relationship that defines which resources they are authorized to view.
Disclaimer: This content was generated using AI. While we strive for accuracy, please verify critical information with official sources.
