CVE-2025-7461: Modern Bag SQL Injection Vulnerability

CVE-2025-7461 Overview

A critical SQL injection vulnerability has been identified in code-projects Modern Bag version 1.0. The vulnerability exists in the /action.php file, where improper handling of the proId parameter allows attackers to inject malicious SQL queries. This flaw enables remote attackers to manipulate database queries without authentication, potentially compromising the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the application's data.

Critical Impact

Remote attackers can exploit this SQL injection vulnerability to extract sensitive data, modify database contents, or potentially gain unauthorized access to the underlying system through database manipulation techniques.

Affected Products

• code-projects Modern Bag 1.0

Discovery Timeline

• 2025-07-12 - CVE-2025-7461 published to NVD
• 2025-07-15 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-7461

Vulnerability Analysis

This SQL injection vulnerability affects the /action.php endpoint in code-projects Modern Bag 1.0. The proId parameter is directly incorporated into SQL queries without proper sanitization or parameterization, allowing attackers to inject arbitrary SQL code. The vulnerability is classified under CWE-74 (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component), which covers injection flaws where user-controlled input is not properly validated before being used in constructive operations.

The network-accessible nature of this vulnerability means that any attacker with network access to the application can attempt exploitation without requiring authentication or user interaction. The exploit has been publicly disclosed, increasing the risk of opportunistic attacks against vulnerable installations.

Root Cause

The root cause of this vulnerability is insufficient input validation and the lack of parameterized queries (prepared statements) in the /action.php file. When the proId parameter is received from user input, it is directly concatenated into SQL query strings rather than being properly escaped or bound as a parameter. This allows attackers to break out of the intended query structure and inject their own SQL commands.

Attack Vector

The attack vector is network-based, requiring no privileges or user interaction. An attacker can craft malicious HTTP requests to the /action.php endpoint with specially crafted proId parameter values. These crafted values contain SQL syntax that, when incorporated into the backend query, alters the query's logic to perform unauthorized operations.

Typical exploitation scenarios include:

• Using UNION-based injection to extract data from other database tables
• Employing boolean-based blind SQL injection to enumerate database contents
• Leveraging time-based blind injection techniques when direct output is not available
• Potentially executing stacked queries to modify or delete data, depending on database configuration

For technical details on the exploitation method, refer to the GitHub Issue #1 Discussion and VulDB #316112.

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-7461

Indicators of Compromise

• Unusual or malformed requests to /action.php containing SQL syntax characters such as single quotes, double dashes, semicolons, or UNION keywords in the proId parameter
• Database error messages appearing in application logs or responses indicating SQL syntax errors
• Unexpected database query patterns or execution times suggesting injection attempts
• Evidence of data exfiltration or unauthorized database modifications

Detection Strategies

• Implement Web Application Firewall (WAF) rules to detect and block SQL injection patterns in HTTP requests targeting /action.php
• Deploy intrusion detection systems (IDS) with signatures for common SQL injection attack payloads
• Enable detailed logging on the web application and database servers to capture suspicious query patterns
• Monitor for anomalous database activity including unusual SELECT statements or access to sensitive tables

Monitoring Recommendations

• Configure real-time alerting for requests containing SQL injection indicators targeting the vulnerable endpoint
• Establish baseline database query patterns and alert on deviations that may indicate injection attacks
• Review web server access logs regularly for patterns of exploitation attempts
• Implement database activity monitoring to detect unauthorized data access or manipulation

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-7461

Immediate Actions Required

• Restrict network access to the affected application until a patch is available or mitigations are in place
• Implement input validation on the proId parameter to accept only expected values (e.g., numeric IDs)
• Deploy a Web Application Firewall with SQL injection protection rules in front of the application
• Review database permissions to ensure the application uses least-privilege access principles

Patch Information

At the time of publication, no official patch has been released by code-projects for Modern Bag 1.0. Organizations using this software should monitor the Code Projects Security Resource for updates and apply patches immediately when available. Given the public disclosure of this vulnerability, applying mitigations is critical until an official fix is released.

Workarounds

• Implement parameterized queries (prepared statements) in the /action.php file to properly handle the proId parameter
• Add server-side input validation to ensure proId contains only numeric values before processing
• Deploy a reverse proxy or WAF configured to filter SQL injection attack patterns
• Consider temporarily disabling or restricting access to the affected functionality if it is not business-critical
• Implement database-level stored procedures to abstract direct query access from the application layer

The vulnerability can be addressed by modifying the application code to use prepared statements. For PHP applications, this involves using PDO or MySQLi with parameter binding instead of string concatenation for SQL queries. Ensure all user-supplied input is validated against expected formats before use in database operations.