CVE-2025-69237: Raytha CMS Stored XSS Vulnerability

CVE-2025-69237 Overview

Raytha CMS is vulnerable to Stored Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) via the FieldValues[0].Value parameter in the page creation functionality. An authenticated attacker with permissions to create content can inject arbitrary HTML and JavaScript into the website, which will be rendered and executed when any user visits the edited page.

This vulnerability allows malicious actors with content creation privileges to persistently embed malicious scripts that execute in the browsers of subsequent visitors, potentially leading to session hijacking, credential theft, defacement, or malware distribution.

Critical Impact

Authenticated attackers can inject persistent malicious JavaScript that executes in victim browsers, enabling session hijacking, credential theft, and potential compromise of administrator accounts.

Affected Products

• Raytha CMS versions prior to 1.4.6

Discovery Timeline

• 2026-03-16 - CVE CVE-2025-69237 published to NVD
• 2026-03-16 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-69237

Vulnerability Analysis

This Stored XSS vulnerability (CWE-79) exists within Raytha CMS's content management functionality. The root cause is improper input validation and output encoding when handling the FieldValues[0].Value parameter during page creation. When authenticated users with content creation permissions submit page content, the application fails to properly sanitize HTML and JavaScript elements from the input data before storing it in the database.

The attack requires network access and low privilege (content creation permissions). The vulnerability affects the confidentiality and integrity of other users who view the compromised pages, as malicious scripts execute within their authenticated browser sessions.

Root Cause

The vulnerability stems from insufficient input validation and output encoding in Raytha CMS's page creation workflow. The FieldValues[0].Value parameter accepts arbitrary HTML and JavaScript content without proper sanitization. When this content is subsequently rendered to page visitors, the malicious scripts execute in their browser context, enabling Stored XSS attacks.

The application fails to implement proper output encoding when displaying user-supplied content, allowing script tags and event handlers to be interpreted as executable code rather than rendered as harmless text.

Attack Vector

The attack follows a network-based vector requiring authentication with content creation permissions. An attacker would:

1. Authenticate to Raytha CMS with an account that has page creation or editing privileges
2. Create or modify a page, injecting malicious JavaScript payload into the FieldValues[0].Value parameter
3. The malicious payload is stored in the database
4. When other users (including administrators) visit the affected page, the injected script executes in their browser context
5. The attacker can then steal session cookies, capture credentials, redirect users to phishing sites, or perform actions on behalf of victims

This Stored XSS variant is particularly dangerous because the malicious payload persists across page loads and affects all visitors to the compromised page, including privileged users.

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-69237

Indicators of Compromise

• Unusual JavaScript code or HTML tags present in page content fields within the database
• Script tags, event handlers (onclick, onerror, onload), or JavaScript URIs in content areas
• Unexpected outbound connections from client browsers to external domains
• User reports of suspicious behavior, pop-ups, or redirects when viewing specific pages

Detection Strategies

• Implement Content Security Policy (CSP) headers and monitor for CSP violation reports
• Enable web application firewall (WAF) rules to detect XSS payloads in POST requests
• Review Raytha CMS audit logs for suspicious content creation or modification activities
• Perform regular database audits scanning for script tags and JavaScript in content fields
• Monitor for anomalous session behavior that may indicate session hijacking

Monitoring Recommendations

• Configure SentinelOne Singularity to monitor for unusual browser behavior and outbound connections
• Enable detailed logging of content creation and modification events in Raytha CMS
• Implement browser-based XSS detection and alerting mechanisms
• Review access logs for pages with abnormally high view counts that may indicate attacker-driven traffic

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-69237

Immediate Actions Required

• Upgrade Raytha CMS to version 1.4.6 or later immediately
• Audit existing page content for malicious JavaScript or HTML injections
• Review user accounts with content creation privileges and revoke unnecessary permissions
• Implement Content Security Policy (CSP) headers to mitigate XSS impact
• Force re-authentication for all administrative users after remediation

Patch Information

This vulnerability has been addressed in Raytha CMS version 1.4.6. Organizations should update their Raytha installations immediately by obtaining the latest version from the official Raytha website. For additional context on this vulnerability class, refer to the CERT Poland security advisory.

Workarounds

• Restrict content creation permissions to trusted users only until patching is complete
• Implement a web application firewall (WAF) with XSS detection rules
• Deploy Content Security Policy headers with strict script-src directives
• Enable HTTP-only and Secure flags on session cookies to limit session hijacking impact
• Consider placing the CMS behind additional authentication while the patch is applied

# Example Content Security Policy header configuration (Apache)
Header set Content-Security-Policy "default-src 'self'; script-src 'self'; object-src 'none'; frame-ancestors 'self'"