CVE-2025-64389: Information Disclosure Vulnerability

CVE-2025-64389 Overview

CVE-2025-64389 affects a device web server that exchanges sensitive information in cleartext over an insecure protocol. The flaw is classified under [CWE-319] Cleartext Transmission of Sensitive Information. An attacker positioned on the network path can intercept credentials, session data, or configuration values transmitted between clients and the device. The issue is referenced in public research covering CIRCUTOR industrial IoT gateway devices and was disclosed through coordinated reporting channels.

Critical Impact
Network-adjacent attackers can capture credentials and sensitive configuration data by passively monitoring traffic to the device web interface, enabling follow-on compromise of industrial control assets.

Affected Products

Device web server exposing administrative functions over cleartext protocol
Industrial IoT gateway components referenced in vendor advisories
See the CIRCUTOR Industrial IoT Gateway product page for affected hardware context

Discovery Timeline

2025-10-31 - CVE-2025-64389 published to NVD
2026-04-15 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-64389

Vulnerability Analysis

The device web server transmits sensitive information without applying transport-layer encryption. Authentication credentials, session tokens, and configuration parameters traverse the network in plaintext. An attacker with access to any intermediate network segment can capture this traffic using standard packet capture tools. The weakness maps to [CWE-319] and reflects a design-level decision to expose administrative interfaces over HTTP rather than HTTPS.

Root Cause

The root cause is the absence of cryptographic protection on the device management interface. The web server accepts connections over an insecure protocol and does not enforce a secure channel before processing authentication or configuration requests. No certificate validation, key exchange, or message integrity protection occurs during these exchanges.

Attack Vector

Exploitation requires network access between the attacker and the target device. Common attack scenarios include passive sniffing on shared network segments, ARP spoofing on switched networks, and rogue access points in environments where the device communicates over wireless infrastructure. User interaction with the web interface, such as an administrator logging in, triggers the cleartext transmission that the attacker captures.

No working exploit code is required beyond standard network capture utilities such as tcpdump or wireshark. Refer to the HackRTU Blog on CG 0-Day for additional technical context on the disclosure.

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-64389

Indicators of Compromise

Unexpected HTTP traffic to device management ports from hosts outside the authorized administration network
Repeated authentication requests originating from unfamiliar source addresses
Network capture sessions or promiscuous-mode interfaces observed on segments carrying device management traffic

Detection Strategies

Monitor for cleartext HTTP traffic to industrial device IP ranges and flag any credential strings appearing in payloads
Inspect switch port mirroring configurations and ARP tables for signs of traffic redirection
Correlate administrative logins on the device with the source network segment to identify access from unauthorized zones

Monitoring Recommendations

Enable network flow logging on segments serving industrial IoT gateways and alert on non-encrypted management protocols
Deploy network intrusion detection signatures targeting plaintext credentials over HTTP on operational technology segments
Maintain an inventory of device management endpoints and review access logs for anomalous source addresses

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-64389

Immediate Actions Required

Restrict access to the device web interface to a dedicated management VLAN with strict access control lists
Disable remote access to the web server from untrusted networks until a secure channel is available
Rotate any credentials that may have been transmitted over the cleartext interface

Patch Information

No vendor patch identifier is published in the available CVE data. Consult the Thales Group Security Overview and the vendor product page for firmware updates that introduce HTTPS support or disable the insecure protocol.

Workarounds

Place the device behind a VPN gateway and require encrypted tunnel access for all administrative sessions
Use a reverse proxy that terminates TLS in front of the device and blocks direct cleartext connections
Segment the device into an isolated management network with no overlap to user or guest networks

bash

# Example: restrict device management to a jump host using iptables
iptables -A FORWARD -p tcp -d <device_ip> --dport 80 -s <jump_host_ip> -j ACCEPT
iptables -A FORWARD -p tcp -d <device_ip> --dport 80 -j DROP