CVE-2025-58478: Samsung Android Memory Corruption Flaw

CVE-2025-58478 Overview

CVE-2025-58478 is a high-severity out-of-bounds write vulnerability discovered in Samsung's libimagecodec.quram.so library, a component responsible for image processing on Samsung Android devices. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to access out-of-bounds memory regions, potentially leading to unauthorized information disclosure. With a CVSS score of 7.5 and a network-based attack vector requiring no user interaction or privileges, this vulnerability poses a significant risk to millions of Samsung mobile device users worldwide.

Critical Impact

Remote attackers can exploit this out-of-bounds write vulnerability over the network without authentication to access sensitive memory contents, potentially exposing confidential user data.

Affected Products

• Samsung Android 13.0 (all SMR releases prior to Dec-2025 Release 1)
• Samsung Android 14.0 (all SMR releases prior to Dec-2025 Release 1)
• Samsung Android 15.0 (all SMR releases prior to Dec-2025 Release 1)
• Samsung Android 16.0 (all SMR releases prior to Dec-2025 Release 1)

Discovery Timeline

• December 2, 2025 - CVE-2025-58478 published to NVD
• December 5, 2025 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-58478

Vulnerability Analysis

The vulnerability exists within the libimagecodec.quram.so shared library, which is a native image codec library developed by Quram and integrated into Samsung Android devices. This library handles various image encoding and decoding operations. The out-of-bounds write vulnerability (CWE-787) occurs when the library improperly validates boundaries during image processing operations, allowing memory writes beyond allocated buffer limits.

The CVSS:3.1 vector string AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N indicates:

• Network Attack Vector: Exploitable remotely without physical access
• Low Attack Complexity: No specialized conditions required for exploitation
• No Privileges Required: Attackers need no authentication
• No User Interaction: Exploitation can occur without victim involvement
• High Confidentiality Impact: Significant information disclosure potential

The EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System) indicates a probability score of 0.057% with a percentile ranking of 17.96%, suggesting a relatively lower likelihood of near-term exploitation in the wild.

Root Cause

The root cause of CVE-2025-58478 lies in insufficient bounds checking within the image codec library's memory management routines. When processing specially crafted image data, the library fails to properly validate the size and offset parameters before writing to memory buffers. This allows an attacker to manipulate image metadata or pixel data in a way that causes writes beyond the intended memory allocation boundaries.

Attack Vector

The attack vector for this vulnerability is network-based, meaning attackers can potentially exploit it by:

1. Delivering a maliciously crafted image file to a target device through various channels (MMS, email attachments, web downloads, or messaging applications)
2. When the device attempts to process or render the image using the vulnerable libimagecodec.quram.so library, the out-of-bounds write occurs
3. The memory corruption can then be leveraged to read sensitive data from adjacent memory regions

The vulnerability is particularly concerning because image processing often occurs automatically in preview contexts without explicit user action, such as when receiving multimedia messages or viewing image thumbnails.

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-58478

Indicators of Compromise

• Unusual memory access patterns or crashes within libimagecodec.quram.so
• Unexpected image processing failures or application crashes when handling specific image files
• Anomalous network traffic delivering suspicious image files to Samsung devices
• System logs showing segmentation faults or memory corruption errors related to image codec operations

Detection Strategies

Organizations can implement detection strategies focusing on behavioral analysis of image processing operations on Samsung devices. Mobile Device Management (MDM) solutions should monitor for abnormal application behavior and unexpected crashes in system components. Network-based detection should flag incoming image files with anomalous metadata or structures that could trigger exploitation attempts.

SentinelOne Singularity Mobile provides real-time threat detection capabilities that can identify malicious payloads attempting to exploit memory corruption vulnerabilities on Android devices. The platform's behavioral AI engine monitors process activity and memory operations to detect exploitation attempts before they succeed.

Monitoring Recommendations

Security teams should implement the following monitoring measures:

• Deploy mobile threat defense solutions on Samsung Android devices to detect exploitation attempts
• Enable verbose logging for system components related to media processing
• Monitor for firmware update compliance to ensure devices receive the December 2025 security patch
• Implement network traffic analysis to identify potentially malicious image file deliveries

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-58478

Immediate Actions Required

• Apply the Samsung SMR Dec-2025 Release 1 security update immediately on all affected devices
• Enable automatic security updates on Samsung devices through Settings > Software Update
• Implement mobile threat defense solutions to detect and block exploitation attempts
• Consider restricting automatic media downloading in messaging applications until patches are applied
• Review and audit Samsung device inventory to identify all affected Android versions

Patch Information

Samsung has addressed this vulnerability in the SMR Dec-2025 Release 1 security update. The patch is available through Samsung's standard software update mechanism. Organizations should prioritize deployment of this update across their mobile device fleet.

For detailed patch information, refer to the official Samsung Security Advisory:

• Samsung Mobile Security - December 2025

Workarounds

Until the security patch can be applied, consider the following risk reduction measures:

• Disable automatic media downloading in email and messaging applications
• Use alternative image viewing applications that do not rely on the vulnerable system library
• Implement network-level filtering to scan and block suspicious image files
• Restrict access to untrusted content sources that could deliver malicious images
• Deploy SentinelOne Singularity Mobile to provide an additional layer of protection against exploitation attempts

Organizations using Samsung devices in enterprise environments should leverage their MDM solution to enforce security update compliance and restrict high-risk activities until all devices are patched.