CVE-2025-45614: Lcw2004 One Information Disclosure Flaw

CVE-2025-45614 Overview

CVE-2025-45614 is a broken access control vulnerability affecting the /api/user/manager API endpoint in lcw2004 One version 1.0. The vulnerability allows unauthenticated attackers to access sensitive user information through crafted payloads sent to the affected API component, potentially exposing confidential data without requiring any privileges.

Critical Impact

Unauthenticated remote attackers can access sensitive user management data through the vulnerable API endpoint, leading to information disclosure that could facilitate further attacks.

Affected Products

• lcw2004 One version 1.0
• Component: /api/user/manager API endpoint

Discovery Timeline

• 2025-05-05 - CVE-2025-45614 published to NVD
• 2025-10-14 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-45614

Vulnerability Analysis

This vulnerability stems from improper access control implementation in the /api/user/manager component of lcw2004 One. The application fails to properly validate user permissions before granting access to sensitive user management functionality. As a result, attackers can craft malicious requests to access user data that should be restricted to authenticated administrators.

The network-based attack vector allows remote exploitation without any user interaction or authentication requirements. The vulnerability primarily impacts confidentiality, as attackers can retrieve sensitive user information without proper authorization.

Root Cause

The root cause of CVE-2025-45614 is classified under CWE-284 (Improper Access Control). The /api/user/manager endpoint lacks proper authorization checks to verify whether incoming requests originate from authenticated and authorized users. This missing access control allows any network-accessible client to query the endpoint and retrieve sensitive information intended only for privileged users.

Attack Vector

The attack is conducted remotely over the network by sending crafted HTTP requests to the /api/user/manager endpoint. Since no authentication or privilege requirements exist, attackers can directly query this endpoint to extract sensitive user management data.

The exploitation process involves:

1. Identifying the vulnerable /api/user/manager endpoint on the target system
2. Crafting HTTP requests to the endpoint without authentication tokens
3. Parsing the response to extract sensitive user information

For technical details and proof-of-concept information, refer to the GitHub Issue Report.

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-45614

Indicators of Compromise

• Unusual or unauthorized HTTP requests targeting /api/user/manager endpoint
• High volume of requests to the user management API from unknown or external IP addresses
• Access to /api/user/manager endpoint without valid authentication tokens or sessions

Detection Strategies

• Implement web application firewall (WAF) rules to monitor and alert on suspicious requests to /api/user/manager
• Review API access logs for unauthenticated or anomalous requests to the affected endpoint
• Deploy intrusion detection systems (IDS) configured to detect broken access control attack patterns

Monitoring Recommendations

• Enable detailed logging for all API requests to /api/user/manager including source IP, request parameters, and authentication status
• Set up real-time alerts for API access attempts without proper authentication credentials
• Monitor for data exfiltration indicators following unauthorized API access

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-45614

Immediate Actions Required

• Restrict network access to the /api/user/manager endpoint using firewall rules until a patch is applied
• Implement authentication and authorization checks at the web server or reverse proxy level
• Audit existing logs for potential exploitation attempts against the affected endpoint
• Consider temporarily disabling the vulnerable API endpoint if not critical to operations

Patch Information

As of the last NVD update on 2025-10-14, users should monitor the GitHub Issue Report for updates from lcw2004 regarding official patches or security fixes for One version 1.0. Check the project's release page for updated versions that address this access control vulnerability.

Workarounds

• Implement reverse proxy authentication requiring valid credentials before requests reach the /api/user/manager endpoint
• Deploy IP-based access controls to limit API endpoint access to trusted networks only
• Use a web application firewall to block unauthenticated requests to sensitive API endpoints

# Example: Nginx reverse proxy configuration to require authentication
# Add to server block protecting /api/user/manager
location /api/user/manager {
    auth_basic "Restricted Access";
    auth_basic_user_file /etc/nginx/.htpasswd;
    proxy_pass http://backend;
}