CVE-2025-4548: Campcodes Food Ordering System SQL Injection

CVE-2025-4548 Overview

A critical SQL injection vulnerability has been identified in Campcodes Online Food Ordering System version 1.0. The vulnerability exists in the /routers/router.php file, where the Username parameter is improperly handled, allowing attackers to inject malicious SQL queries. This flaw enables remote attackers to manipulate database queries without requiring authentication, potentially leading to unauthorized data access, modification, or deletion.

Critical Impact

Remote attackers can exploit this SQL injection vulnerability to bypass authentication, extract sensitive customer data, and potentially gain full control over the application's database without any prior authentication.

Affected Products

• Campcodes Online Food Ordering System 1.0

Discovery Timeline

• May 11, 2025 - CVE-2025-4548 published to NVD
• May 13, 2025 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-4548

Vulnerability Analysis

This SQL injection vulnerability affects the authentication mechanism in Campcodes Online Food Ordering System. The /routers/router.php file accepts user-supplied input through the Username parameter without proper sanitization or parameterized query implementation. When a user submits login credentials, the application directly incorporates the username value into SQL queries, creating an injection point that can be exploited remotely.

The vulnerability is classified under CWE-74 (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component), commonly referred to as injection vulnerabilities. The attack can be executed remotely over the network without requiring authentication or user interaction, making it particularly dangerous for public-facing deployments of this food ordering system.

Root Cause

The root cause of this vulnerability is the failure to implement proper input validation and parameterized queries in the authentication flow. The Username parameter in /routers/router.php is directly concatenated into SQL statements without sanitization, escaping, or the use of prepared statements. This allows special SQL characters and commands submitted through the username field to be interpreted as part of the SQL query rather than as literal string data.

Attack Vector

The attack vector for CVE-2025-4548 is network-based, allowing remote exploitation. An attacker can craft malicious SQL statements within the Username parameter during the login process. Since the vulnerability exists in the authentication router, the attack surface is exposed to any user who can access the login page.

Typical exploitation scenarios include:

• Authentication bypass using SQL injection payloads like ' OR '1'='1 in the username field
• Data exfiltration through UNION-based or blind SQL injection techniques
• Database enumeration to discover table structures and sensitive information
• Potential privilege escalation if administrative credentials are stored in accessible tables

The exploit has been publicly disclosed, increasing the risk of widespread exploitation. For technical details, see the GitHub CVE Issue Tracking and VulDB #308295.

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-4548

Indicators of Compromise

• Unusual login attempts containing SQL syntax characters such as single quotes ('), double dashes (--), semicolons (;), or OR statements in usernames
• Database error messages appearing in HTTP responses indicating SQL syntax errors
• Anomalous database queries in logs showing UNION SELECT statements or information_schema references
• Unexpected data access patterns or bulk data extraction from customer or order tables

Detection Strategies

• Deploy Web Application Firewalls (WAF) with SQL injection detection rules to identify and block malicious payloads
• Implement application-level logging to capture and alert on suspicious authentication requests
• Monitor database query logs for unusual patterns including UNION operations, subqueries, and system table access
• Configure intrusion detection systems (IDS) to flag requests containing common SQL injection patterns targeting /routers/router.php

Monitoring Recommendations

• Enable verbose logging for authentication endpoints, particularly /routers/router.php
• Set up real-time alerts for multiple failed authentication attempts with unusual characters in username fields
• Monitor database connection pools and query execution times for anomalies indicating injection-based attacks
• Implement Security Information and Event Management (SIEM) correlation rules for SQL injection attack patterns

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-4548

Immediate Actions Required

• Remove Campcodes Online Food Ordering System from public-facing networks until patched
• Implement WAF rules to block SQL injection attempts targeting the /routers/router.php endpoint
• Review database logs for evidence of prior exploitation and potential data compromise
• Reset all database credentials and application passwords as a precautionary measure

Patch Information

As of the last NVD update on May 13, 2025, no official patch has been released by Campcodes for this vulnerability. Organizations using this software should monitor the CampCodes website for security updates. Additionally, tracking information is available through VulDB Critical Threat Report.

Workarounds

• Implement input validation at the application level to reject usernames containing SQL special characters
• Deploy a reverse proxy with SQL injection filtering capabilities in front of the application
• Use database account permissions to limit the application's database user to minimum required privileges
• Consider replacing the vulnerable authentication mechanism with parameterized queries if source code modification is feasible

# Example WAF rule to block SQL injection attempts (ModSecurity)
SecRule ARGS:Username "@rx (?i)(\b(select|union|insert|update|delete|drop|exec|execute|xp_|sp_|0x)\b|--|;|\/\*|\*\/|')" \
    "id:100001,phase:2,deny,status:403,log,msg:'SQL Injection attempt blocked on Username parameter'"