CVE-2025-15447 Overview
A SQL injection vulnerability has been identified in Seeyon Zhiyuan OA Web Application System up to version 20251223. This vulnerability exists in the file /assetsGroupReport/assetsService.j%73p where improper handling of the unitCode parameter allows attackers to inject malicious SQL statements. The attack can be initiated remotely without authentication, potentially enabling unauthorized database access, data manipulation, or information disclosure.
Critical Impact
Remote attackers can exploit this SQL injection vulnerability to access, modify, or exfiltrate sensitive data from the underlying database without authentication. The vendor was contacted but did not respond to the disclosure.
Affected Products
- Seeyon Zhiyuan OA Web Application System up to version 20251223
- Systems exposing the /assetsGroupReport/assetsService.jsp endpoint
Discovery Timeline
- 2026-01-05 - CVE-2025-15447 published to NVD
- 2026-01-08 - Last updated in NVD database
Technical Details for CVE-2025-15447
Vulnerability Analysis
This SQL injection vulnerability (CWE-74: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component) affects the Seeyon Zhiyuan OA Web Application System. The vulnerability resides in the assetsService.jsp file within the /assetsGroupReport/ directory, where the unitCode parameter is processed without adequate input sanitization.
The attack surface is accessible over the network and requires no user interaction or prior authentication, making it particularly concerning for internet-facing deployments. The URL encoding bypass technique (assetsService.j%73p) suggests the vulnerability may be used to evade certain security filters, as %73 decodes to the letter "s", reconstructing the .jsp extension.
Root Cause
The root cause of this vulnerability is improper input validation and failure to sanitize user-supplied data before incorporating it into SQL queries. The unitCode parameter is directly concatenated or improperly parameterized in database queries, allowing attackers to break out of the intended query structure and execute arbitrary SQL commands.
Attack Vector
The vulnerability can be exploited remotely over the network. An attacker can craft malicious HTTP requests containing SQL injection payloads in the unitCode parameter. The URL-encoded file extension (j%73p) may be used to bypass web application firewalls or input filters that block direct access to .jsp files.
The attack does not require authentication and can be performed without user interaction. Successful exploitation could allow attackers to read, modify, or delete database contents, potentially leading to complete compromise of stored information.
Technical details and proof-of-concept information have been disclosed publicly. For additional technical details, refer to the GitHub Issue Report and VulDB entry #339480.
Detection Methods for CVE-2025-15447
Indicators of Compromise
- Unusual HTTP requests to /assetsGroupReport/assetsService.jsp or URL-encoded variants (assetsService.j%73p)
- Web server access logs containing SQL injection patterns in the unitCode parameter such as single quotes, UNION SELECT statements, or time-based delay functions
- Database query logs showing unexpected or malformed queries originating from the OA application
- Error logs indicating SQL syntax errors or database exceptions from the affected endpoint
Detection Strategies
- Deploy web application firewall (WAF) rules to detect and block SQL injection patterns targeting the unitCode parameter
- Implement database activity monitoring to identify suspicious query patterns or unauthorized data access
- Configure intrusion detection systems (IDS) to alert on requests containing URL-encoded JSP extensions (%73) which may indicate evasion attempts
- Review web server logs for repeated access attempts to the vulnerable endpoint with varying payloads
Monitoring Recommendations
- Enable detailed logging for the /assetsGroupReport/ directory and associated JSP files
- Monitor for anomalous database query execution times that may indicate time-based blind SQL injection attempts
- Implement real-time alerting for requests containing common SQL injection keywords (UNION, SELECT, INSERT, DELETE, DROP, etc.) in request parameters
- Track and investigate any unauthorized database read or write operations
How to Mitigate CVE-2025-15447
Immediate Actions Required
- Restrict network access to the vulnerable endpoint /assetsGroupReport/assetsService.jsp using firewall rules or access control lists
- Deploy a web application firewall with SQL injection detection rules to filter malicious requests
- If the affected functionality is not critical, consider disabling or removing the vulnerable JSP file temporarily
- Audit database access logs for signs of past exploitation attempts
Patch Information
No vendor patch is currently available. The vendor (Seeyon) was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond. Organizations should implement compensating controls and monitor for vendor security updates.
For tracking this vulnerability, refer to:
Workarounds
- Implement strict input validation on the unitCode parameter at the application or WAF level, rejecting any input containing SQL metacharacters
- Use parameterized queries or prepared statements if source code modification is possible
- Deploy network segmentation to limit exposure of the OA system to trusted internal networks only
- Configure the web server to block requests with URL-encoded file extensions that may be used to bypass filters
# Example: Block access to vulnerable endpoint using Apache mod_rewrite
# Add to .htaccess or Apache configuration
RewriteEngine On
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} ^/assetsGroupReport/assetsService\.(jsp|j%73p) [NC]
RewriteRule .* - [F,L]
# Example: iptables rule to restrict access to specific trusted IPs
iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -m string --string "/assetsGroupReport/" --algo bm -j DROP
Disclaimer: This content was generated using AI. While we strive for accuracy, please verify critical information with official sources.
