CVE-2025-10112: Student Information System SQLi Flaw

CVE-2025-10112 Overview

A SQL injection vulnerability has been identified in itsourcecode Student Information Management System version 1.0. The vulnerability exists in the /admin/modules/department/index.php file, where improper handling of the ID parameter allows attackers to inject malicious SQL queries. This weakness can be exploited remotely without authentication, potentially allowing unauthorized access to sensitive student data, modification of database records, or complete compromise of the underlying database system.

Critical Impact

Remote attackers can exploit this SQL injection flaw to extract sensitive student information, modify academic records, or compromise the entire database through manipulation of the ID parameter in the department module.

Affected Products

• itsourcecode Student Information Management System 1.0

Discovery Timeline

• 2025-09-09 - CVE-2025-10112 published to NVD
• 2025-09-10 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-10112

Vulnerability Analysis

This SQL injection vulnerability exists in the department management module of the Student Information Management System. The vulnerable endpoint /admin/modules/department/index.php fails to properly sanitize user-supplied input passed through the ID parameter before incorporating it into SQL queries. This allows an attacker to break out of the intended query structure and inject arbitrary SQL commands that will be executed by the database server with the application's privileges.

The vulnerability is remotely exploitable with no authentication required, meaning any network-accessible attacker can target systems running this software. While the immediate impact is classified at low levels for confidentiality, integrity, and availability individually, the combination of these impacts through SQL injection can lead to significant data breaches, particularly concerning given the sensitive nature of student information stored in such systems.

Root Cause

The root cause of this vulnerability is improper input validation and lack of parameterized queries in the department module. The application directly concatenates user-supplied input from the ID parameter into SQL statements without proper sanitization, escaping, or the use of prepared statements. This violates secure coding practices as defined by CWE-74 (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component), allowing injection attacks.

Attack Vector

The attack vector for CVE-2025-10112 is network-based, requiring no user interaction or special privileges. An attacker can craft malicious HTTP requests targeting the /admin/modules/department/index.php endpoint with a manipulated ID parameter containing SQL injection payloads.

The vulnerability allows attackers to inject SQL syntax through the ID parameter. By supplying specially crafted values, an attacker can manipulate the underlying SQL query to extract data from other database tables, bypass authentication mechanisms, modify or delete records, or potentially execute operating system commands depending on database configuration. The exploit has been publicly disclosed and is available, increasing the risk of exploitation in the wild.

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-10112

Indicators of Compromise

• Unusual SQL error messages in application logs or HTTP responses originating from /admin/modules/department/index.php
• HTTP requests to the department module containing SQL keywords or special characters in the ID parameter (e.g., ', --, UNION, SELECT)
• Database logs showing unexpected queries, failed authentication attempts, or access to unauthorized tables
• Abnormal data extraction patterns or bulk queries against student information tables

Detection Strategies

• Implement Web Application Firewall (WAF) rules to detect SQL injection patterns in requests to the vulnerable endpoint
• Configure database audit logging to monitor for unusual query patterns or access to sensitive tables
• Deploy application-layer monitoring to flag requests with suspicious ID parameter values
• Review web server access logs for repeated requests to /admin/modules/department/index.php with varying payloads

Monitoring Recommendations

• Enable verbose logging on the database server to capture all queries executed against student information tables
• Set up alerting for SQL syntax errors that may indicate injection attempts
• Monitor network traffic for unusual data exfiltration patterns from the application server
• Implement file integrity monitoring on the application files to detect any unauthorized modifications

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-10112

Immediate Actions Required

• Restrict network access to the Student Information Management System to trusted IP ranges only
• Implement a Web Application Firewall (WAF) with SQL injection detection rules in front of the application
• Disable or restrict access to the /admin/modules/department/index.php endpoint until a patch is applied
• Review database logs for evidence of exploitation and assess potential data breach scope

Patch Information

No official vendor patch has been identified at this time. The vendor itsourcecode has not published a security advisory addressing this vulnerability. Administrators should monitor the IT Source Code Blog for updates. Additional technical details about this vulnerability are documented in the VulDB entry #323078 and the GitHub Issue CVE-5.

Workarounds

• Apply input validation at the application level by implementing prepared statements or parameterized queries for all database operations
• Deploy a reverse proxy or WAF to filter malicious SQL injection payloads before they reach the application
• Implement least-privilege database accounts for the application to limit the impact of successful exploitation
• Consider taking the system offline or deploying in an isolated network segment until the vulnerability can be properly remediated

Until an official patch is available, administrators should implement prepared statements manually in the vulnerable PHP file. The ID parameter should be validated as an integer and used with parameterized queries to prevent SQL injection. Access to the administrative modules should be restricted to authenticated administrators with network-level access controls in place.