CVE-2025-10111: Student Information System SQLi Flaw

CVE-2025-10111 Overview

A SQL injection vulnerability has been discovered in itsourcecode Student Information Management System 1.0. The affected element is a function within the file /admin/modules/instructor/index.php. The manipulation of the ID argument allows attackers to inject malicious SQL commands, potentially compromising database integrity and confidentiality. The attack can be executed remotely without authentication, and the exploit has been publicly disclosed.

Critical Impact

Remote attackers can exploit this SQL injection vulnerability to extract sensitive student and instructor data, modify database records, or potentially escalate to further system compromise through database-level access.

Affected Products

• itsourcecode Student Information Management System 1.0

Discovery Timeline

• September 8, 2025 - CVE-2025-10111 published to NVD
• September 10, 2025 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-10111

Vulnerability Analysis

This vulnerability exists in the instructor management module of the Student Information Management System. The /admin/modules/instructor/index.php file fails to properly sanitize user-supplied input in the ID parameter before incorporating it into SQL queries. This allows an unauthenticated attacker to inject arbitrary SQL statements that will be executed by the database server.

The vulnerability is classified under CWE-74 (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component), which encompasses injection flaws where user-controlled input is improperly handled before being passed to an interpreter. In this case, the lack of parameterized queries or proper input validation enables classic SQL injection attacks.

Root Cause

The root cause of this vulnerability is the failure to implement proper input validation and parameterized queries (prepared statements) when handling the ID parameter in the instructor module. The application directly concatenates user input into SQL query strings without sanitization, escaping, or type validation. This is a fundamental security oversight in web application development that allows malicious SQL syntax to be interpreted and executed by the database engine.

Attack Vector

The attack can be executed remotely over the network. An attacker can craft malicious HTTP requests to the /admin/modules/instructor/index.php endpoint with a specially crafted ID parameter containing SQL injection payloads. Common exploitation techniques include:

• Union-based injection: Extracting data from other tables by appending UNION SELECT statements
• Boolean-based blind injection: Inferring database contents through true/false conditions in responses
• Time-based blind injection: Using database sleep functions to extract data bit by bit
• Error-based injection: Leveraging database error messages to reveal information

The vulnerability requires no authentication or user interaction, making it particularly dangerous for exposed instances of this application.

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-10111

Indicators of Compromise

• Unusual or malformed requests to /admin/modules/instructor/index.php containing SQL syntax characters such as single quotes, double dashes, or UNION keywords in the ID parameter
• Database error messages appearing in application logs or responses indicating SQL syntax errors
• Unexpected database queries or slow query logs showing injection patterns
• Evidence of unauthorized data access or modification in student/instructor records

Detection Strategies

• Implement Web Application Firewall (WAF) rules to detect and block common SQL injection patterns targeting the ID parameter
• Monitor web server access logs for requests to /admin/modules/instructor/index.php with suspicious payloads
• Enable database query logging and alert on anomalous query patterns or syntax errors
• Deploy intrusion detection systems (IDS) with SQL injection signature detection capabilities

Monitoring Recommendations

• Set up real-time alerting for HTTP requests containing SQL injection indicators such as ' OR 1=1, UNION SELECT, --, or /**/ in URL parameters
• Monitor database server performance for signs of time-based blind SQL injection attacks (sudden increases in query execution time)
• Implement application-level logging to capture all parameter values passed to database queries
• Regularly audit database access logs for unauthorized queries against sensitive tables

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-10111

Immediate Actions Required

• Remove or restrict access to the Student Information Management System until a patch is available or mitigations are in place
• Implement Web Application Firewall rules to block requests with SQL injection patterns targeting the vulnerable endpoint
• Restrict network access to the administrative interface (/admin/) to trusted IP addresses only
• Review database logs for evidence of prior exploitation and assess potential data breach scope

Patch Information

No official vendor patch information is currently available. Users should monitor the IT Source Code website for security updates. Additional vulnerability details can be found in the GitHub Issue CVE-4 and VulDB #323077.

Workarounds

• Implement input validation on the server-side to ensure the ID parameter contains only numeric values before processing
• Deploy a Web Application Firewall (WAF) in front of the application to filter malicious SQL injection attempts
• Use database user accounts with minimal required privileges to limit the impact of successful SQL injection
• Consider implementing prepared statements/parameterized queries at the application code level if source code modification is possible

# Example: Apache mod_rewrite rule to block SQL injection in ID parameter
# Add to .htaccess or Apache configuration
RewriteEngine On
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} (union|select|insert|update|delete|drop|script|--|;) [NC]
RewriteRule ^admin/modules/instructor/index\.php - [F,L]