CVE-2025-0479: CP Plus Router Information Disclosure Flaw

CVE-2025-0479 Overview

CVE-2025-0479 affects CP Plus Router devices through insecure handling of cookie flags in the web management interface. The vulnerability is classified under [CWE-614], which covers sensitive cookies transmitted without the Secure attribute. A remote attacker can intercept HTTP session data on the network path between the client and the router. Successful exploitation allows the attacker to capture session cookies and obtain sensitive information, leading to compromise of the targeted device. CERT-In tracked this issue under advisory CIVN-2025-0005.

Critical Impact
Network-positioned attackers can intercept session cookies transmitted over unencrypted channels and hijack authenticated sessions on the router web interface.

Affected Products

CP Plus Router (web management interface)
Specific model and firmware identifiers not enumerated in the NVD record
See CERT-In advisory CIVN-2025-0005 for vendor-confirmed scope

Discovery Timeline

2025-01-20 - CVE-2025-0479 published to NVD
2026-04-15 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-0479

Vulnerability Analysis

The vulnerability resides in how the CP Plus Router web interface sets cookies during authenticated sessions. Session cookies are issued without the Secure flag, and likely without HttpOnly protections, allowing transmission over plaintext HTTP. An attacker on the same network segment, or anywhere along the routing path, can passively capture these cookies. Once captured, the attacker replays the cookie value to impersonate the authenticated administrator without needing credentials. The flaw maps to [CWE-614]: Sensitive Cookie in HTTPS Session Without Secure Attribute.

Root Cause

The web interface fails to enforce transport-layer protection on cookies that carry authentication state. When a session cookie lacks the Secure attribute, the browser transmits it on any HTTP request to the host. This violates the principle of confidentiality for authentication tokens. Embedded device interfaces frequently default to HTTP for management traffic, compounding the exposure.

Attack Vector

The attack requires network access to traffic between an administrator and the router. An attacker performs passive sniffing on a shared network segment, a compromised upstream device, or a man-in-the-middle position on Wi-Fi. The attacker waits for an administrator to authenticate to the router web interface over HTTP. The session cookie traverses the wire in cleartext and is captured. The attacker then injects the captured cookie into their own browser session to gain administrative access to the router.

No public proof-of-concept code has been published for this issue. Technical details are available in the CERT-In advisory CIVN-2025-0005.

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-0479

Indicators of Compromise

Administrative logins to the router from unexpected source IP addresses or geolocations
Configuration changes (DNS, port forwarding, firewall rules) without a corresponding change-management record
Multiple concurrent sessions using identical session cookie values from distinct IP addresses
Outbound traffic from the router to unknown management endpoints

Detection Strategies

Inspect HTTP response headers from the router for Set-Cookie directives missing the Secure and HttpOnly flags
Monitor network traffic for cleartext HTTP authentication to router management interfaces on ports 80 and 8080
Alert on session cookie reuse from disparate client IP addresses within short time windows
Review router audit logs for administrator actions occurring outside business hours

Monitoring Recommendations

Capture and review packet samples on management VLANs to identify unencrypted administrative traffic
Forward router syslog data to a centralized log platform and build alerts on configuration write events
Track ARP table and DHCP lease anomalies that indicate man-in-the-middle staging on the LAN

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-0479

Immediate Actions Required

Restrict access to the router web interface to a dedicated management network or VLAN
Disable HTTP management and require HTTPS for all administrative sessions where the device supports it
Rotate administrator credentials and invalidate any active sessions on affected devices
Apply firmware updates from CP Plus as soon as the vendor publishes a fix

Patch Information

No specific patched firmware version is listed in the NVD record at the time of publication. Administrators should consult the CERT-In advisory CIVN-2025-0005 and the CP Plus support portal for vendor-supplied firmware updates that enforce Secure and HttpOnly cookie flags.

Workarounds

Place the router management interface behind a VPN and block direct exposure from untrusted networks
Use a dedicated, wired management workstation rather than authenticating from shared Wi-Fi
Clear browser cookies and log out after every administrative session to limit the window for cookie replay
Disable remote (WAN-side) management features until a patched firmware version is installed

bash

# Example: block HTTP management from non-management subnets at an upstream firewall
iptables -A FORWARD -p tcp --dport 80 -d <router_ip> -s <management_subnet> -j ACCEPT
iptables -A FORWARD -p tcp --dport 80 -d <router_ip> -j DROP
iptables -A FORWARD -p tcp --dport 443 -d <router_ip> -s <management_subnet> -j ACCEPT
iptables -A FORWARD -p tcp --dport 443 -d <router_ip> -j DROP