CVE-2026-30613: AZIOT Smart Switch Information Disclosure

CVE-2026-30613 Overview

An information disclosure vulnerability exists in AZIOT 1 Node Smart Switch (16amp)- WiFi/Bluetooth Enabled Software Version: 1.1.9 due to improper access control on the UART debug interface. An attacker with physical access can connect to the UART interface and obtain sensitive information from the serial console without authentication.

This vulnerability affects IoT smart home devices and represents a significant hardware security concern where debug interfaces remain accessible in production firmware.

Critical Impact

Attackers with physical access to the device can extract sensitive information including Wi-Fi credentials, device configuration data, and potentially firmware through the unprotected UART debug console.

Affected Products

• AZIOT 1 Node Smart Switch (16amp)- WiFi/Bluetooth Enabled
• Software Version: 1.1.9

Discovery Timeline

• 2026-04-06 - CVE CVE-2026-30613 published to NVD
• 2026-04-07 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2026-30613

Vulnerability Analysis

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-200 (Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor). The root issue stems from the AZIOT Smart Switch leaving its UART debug interface accessible without implementing proper authentication or access controls.

UART (Universal Asynchronous Receiver-Transmitter) interfaces are commonly used during device development and debugging but should be disabled or protected in production devices. In this case, the debug interface remains fully functional, allowing anyone with physical access to the device to connect and interact with the serial console.

The attack requires physical access to the device, which limits remote exploitation but presents significant risks in scenarios where attackers can access deployed smart home devices. Information exposed through the UART console may include Wi-Fi network credentials, device tokens, API keys, and other sensitive configuration data stored on the device.

Root Cause

The vulnerability exists due to improper access control implementation on the UART debug interface. The manufacturer failed to disable or protect the debug console in production firmware, leaving sensitive device information accessible to anyone who can physically connect to the UART pins on the device's circuit board.

This is a common security oversight in IoT devices where development debugging features are not properly secured or removed before mass production.

Attack Vector

The attack requires physical access to the AZIOT Smart Switch device. An attacker would need to:

1. Gain physical access to the target device
2. Open the device enclosure to access the internal circuit board
3. Identify and connect to the UART interface pins (typically TX, RX, GND)
4. Use a USB-to-UART adapter connected to a computer
5. Open a serial terminal application configured for the appropriate baud rate
6. Read sensitive information directly from the serial console output

No authentication is required once connected to the UART interface. The attacker can immediately view debug output and potentially interact with a command-line interface to extract additional device information.

Detection Methods for CVE-2026-30613

Indicators of Compromise

• Physical signs of device tampering such as scratches, broken seals, or evidence that the enclosure has been opened
• Unusual network behavior from the device following potential physical compromise
• Device configuration changes that were not authorized by the owner
• Evidence of physical access to device installation location

Detection Strategies

• Implement tamper-evident seals or enclosures on deployed IoT devices to detect physical access attempts
• Monitor network traffic from IoT devices for anomalous behavior that might indicate credential theft
• Use network segmentation to isolate IoT devices and limit the impact of credential exposure
• Regularly audit physical access to areas where smart switches and IoT devices are deployed

Monitoring Recommendations

• Establish baseline network behavior for IoT devices and alert on deviations that could indicate compromised credentials
• Monitor for unauthorized access attempts to the Wi-Fi network using credentials that may have been extracted from compromised devices
• Implement logging and alerting for any configuration changes to smart home devices
• Consider deploying IoT security monitoring solutions that can detect anomalous device behavior

How to Mitigate CVE-2026-30613

Immediate Actions Required

• Assess physical security of deployed AZIOT Smart Switch devices and restrict access where possible
• Change Wi-Fi network credentials if there is any suspicion that devices may have been physically compromised
• Segment IoT devices onto a separate network VLAN to limit the impact of potential credential exposure
• Review device logs and network traffic for any signs of unauthorized access

Patch Information

No vendor patch information is currently available for this vulnerability. Users should monitor the Aziot Home Page for security updates and firmware releases that may address this issue.

Additional technical details about this vulnerability can be found in the GitHub Project README.

Workarounds

• Apply physical security measures such as tamper-evident enclosures or security screws to prevent unauthorized access to device internals
• Deploy devices in locations with restricted physical access where possible
• Use unique Wi-Fi credentials for IoT device networks separate from primary networks
• Consider hardware modifications to disable UART pins if technically feasible (may void warranty)
• Implement network monitoring to detect potential misuse of extracted credentials

Since this vulnerability requires physical access and no software patch is currently available, physical security controls remain the primary mitigation strategy. Organizations deploying these devices should assess their risk tolerance based on the physical accessibility of device installations.