CVE-2026-2089: Janobe Class Record System SQLi Flaw

CVE-2026-2089 Overview

A SQL injection vulnerability has been identified in SourceCodester Online Class Record System version 1.0. The vulnerability exists in the /admin/subject/controller.php file, where improper sanitization of the ID parameter allows attackers to inject malicious SQL queries. This flaw enables remote attackers to manipulate database operations, potentially leading to unauthorized data access, modification, or deletion.

Critical Impact

Remote attackers can exploit this SQL injection vulnerability to bypass authentication, extract sensitive student and class records, or manipulate database contents without requiring any authentication or user interaction.

Affected Products

• Janobe Online Class Record System 1.0
• SourceCodester Online Class Record System 1.0

Discovery Timeline

• 2026-02-07 - CVE CVE-2026-2089 published to NVD
• 2026-02-10 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2026-2089

Vulnerability Analysis

This SQL injection vulnerability stems from inadequate input validation in the administrative subject controller component. The /admin/subject/controller.php file accepts user-supplied input through the ID parameter without proper sanitization or parameterized query implementation. When this input is directly concatenated into SQL queries, attackers can inject arbitrary SQL commands that execute with the privileges of the database user.

The vulnerability is classified under CWE-74 (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component), which encompasses injection vulnerabilities where user input is not properly sanitized before being processed by an interpreter.

Root Cause

The root cause of this vulnerability is the failure to implement proper input validation and parameterized queries (prepared statements) when processing the ID parameter in the subject controller. The application directly incorporates user-controlled input into SQL queries without escaping special characters or using bound parameters, allowing SQL syntax manipulation.

Attack Vector

The attack can be executed remotely over the network without requiring authentication or user interaction. An attacker can craft malicious HTTP requests to the /admin/subject/controller.php endpoint with a specially crafted ID parameter containing SQL injection payloads. The exploitation technique involves inserting SQL metacharacters and additional query logic to alter the intended SQL statement behavior.

Typical attack patterns include:

• Union-based injection to extract data from other tables
• Boolean-based blind injection to infer database contents
• Time-based blind injection using database-specific delay functions
• Error-based injection to retrieve information through error messages

For detailed technical analysis and proof-of-concept information, refer to the GitHub CVE Issue Discussion and VulDB entry #344656.

Detection Methods for CVE-2026-2089

Indicators of Compromise

• Unusual SQL error messages appearing in application logs or responses from /admin/subject/controller.php
• HTTP requests to /admin/subject/controller.php containing SQL keywords such as UNION, SELECT, DROP, or -- in the ID parameter
• Database query logs showing unexpected queries with injection patterns like ' OR 1=1-- or '; DROP TABLE--
• Abnormal database access patterns including bulk data extraction or privilege escalation attempts

Detection Strategies

• Implement Web Application Firewall (WAF) rules to detect and block SQL injection patterns targeting the ID parameter
• Enable detailed logging for all requests to administrative endpoints, particularly /admin/subject/controller.php
• Deploy database activity monitoring to detect anomalous query patterns or unauthorized data access
• Use intrusion detection systems (IDS) with SQL injection signature rules

Monitoring Recommendations

• Monitor HTTP access logs for requests containing SQL metacharacters (', ", ;, --, /*) in URL parameters
• Set up alerts for database errors indicating SQL syntax issues from the web application
• Track failed authentication attempts that may indicate SQL injection-based authentication bypass attempts
• Review database audit logs for queries that deviate from normal application behavior

How to Mitigate CVE-2026-2089

Immediate Actions Required

• Restrict access to the /admin/subject/controller.php endpoint to trusted IP addresses only
• Implement input validation to reject requests containing SQL metacharacters in the ID parameter
• Deploy a Web Application Firewall with SQL injection protection rules
• If possible, take the administrative interface offline until a proper fix is implemented

Patch Information

No official vendor patch is currently available for this vulnerability. The application is distributed through SourceCodester as a community project. Users should implement manual code fixes to add parameterized queries and input validation to the affected controller file. Monitor VulDB entry #344656 and the GitHub issue discussion for updates on remediation guidance.

Workarounds

• Implement prepared statements with parameterized queries for all database interactions in controller.php
• Add strict input validation to ensure the ID parameter contains only numeric values using server-side validation
• Apply the principle of least privilege to the database user account used by the application
• Consider implementing a Web Application Firewall with OWASP ModSecurity Core Rule Set for SQL injection protection

# Example Apache ModSecurity configuration for SQL injection protection
# Add to your Apache configuration or .htaccess file

SecRuleEngine On
SecRule ARGS:ID "@detectSQLi" \
    "id:1001,\
    phase:2,\
    block,\
    msg:'SQL Injection attempt detected in ID parameter',\
    log,\
    auditlog"

# Restrict access to admin directory by IP (replace with your trusted IPs)
<Directory "/var/www/html/admin">
    Require ip 192.168.1.0/24
</Directory>