CVE-2026-1802: Ziroom ZHOME A0101 RCE Vulnerability

CVE-2026-1802 Overview

A command injection vulnerability has been discovered in Ziroom ZHOME A0101 router firmware version 1.0.1.0. This security flaw affects the macAddrClone function within the file luci\controller\api\zrMacClone.lua. The vulnerability allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary system commands through manipulation of the macType argument, potentially leading to full device compromise.

Critical Impact

Remote command injection vulnerability enables attackers to execute arbitrary commands on vulnerable Ziroom ZHOME A0101 routers without authentication, potentially leading to complete device takeover and network compromise.

Affected Products

• Ziroom ZHOME A0101 Firmware version 1.0.1.0

Discovery Timeline

• 2026-02-03 - CVE-2026-1802 published to NVD
• 2026-02-04 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2026-1802

Vulnerability Analysis

This command injection vulnerability (CWE-74) exists in the MAC address cloning functionality of the Ziroom ZHOME A0101 router. The macAddrClone function in zrMacClone.lua fails to properly sanitize the macType parameter before passing it to system shell commands. This allows attackers to inject arbitrary commands by crafting malicious input values that break out of the intended command context.

The vulnerability is particularly concerning because it can be exploited remotely over the network without requiring any authentication or user interaction. Successful exploitation allows attackers to execute commands with the privileges of the web server process, which on embedded IoT devices often runs with elevated permissions.

Root Cause

The root cause of this vulnerability is improper input validation and sanitization in the Lua-based LuCI web interface controller. The macType argument is passed directly to system command execution without adequate escaping or validation, violating the principle of input sanitization. This is a classic injection flaw where user-controlled input is incorporated into a command string without proper encoding.

Attack Vector

The attack can be launched remotely over the network by sending specially crafted HTTP requests to the router's web interface. An attacker would target the MAC cloning API endpoint and inject shell metacharacters or command separators (such as ;, |, or $()) within the macType parameter. Since no authentication appears to be required, any attacker with network access to the router's management interface can exploit this vulnerability.

The exploit has been publicly disclosed and documented, increasing the risk of active exploitation against unpatched devices. For detailed technical analysis, refer to the GitHub CVE Analysis and the VulDB entry #343975.

Detection Methods for CVE-2026-1802

Indicators of Compromise

• Unusual HTTP requests to the MAC cloning API endpoint containing shell metacharacters or command separators
• Unexpected outbound network connections from the router to external IP addresses
• Unauthorized configuration changes or new user accounts on the router
• Presence of unexpected processes or scripts running on the device

Detection Strategies

• Monitor HTTP access logs for requests to /api/zrMacClone endpoints with suspicious parameter values
• Implement network intrusion detection rules to identify command injection patterns in router traffic
• Deploy web application firewall (WAF) rules to block requests containing shell metacharacters in the macType parameter
• Conduct regular firmware integrity checks on deployed Ziroom ZHOME devices

Monitoring Recommendations

• Enable verbose logging on network edge devices to capture all management interface access attempts
• Implement behavioral analysis to detect anomalous command execution patterns on IoT devices
• Monitor for unexpected DNS queries or network traffic originating from router devices
• Set up alerts for any access to the MAC cloning functionality from external networks

How to Mitigate CVE-2026-1802

Immediate Actions Required

• Restrict network access to the router's web management interface to trusted internal hosts only
• Implement firewall rules to block external access to the LuCI administrative interface
• Segment IoT devices like routers from critical network infrastructure
• Consider disabling the MAC cloning feature if not required for operations

Patch Information

The vendor (Ziroom) was contacted regarding this vulnerability but did not respond. As of the last update on 2026-02-04, no official patch has been released. Organizations should implement the workarounds below and monitor for vendor updates.

For additional technical details and threat intelligence, refer to the VulDB CTI entry and the VulDB submission #741842.

Workarounds

• Block all external access to the router's web interface using network firewall rules
• Implement a VPN requirement for any remote management access to the device
• Deploy an upstream web application firewall to filter malicious requests before they reach the router
• Consider replacing vulnerable devices with alternative hardware from vendors with active security response programs

# Example iptables rules to restrict management interface access
# Block external access to web interface (adjust interface and IP as needed)
iptables -A INPUT -i eth0 -p tcp --dport 80 -j DROP
iptables -A INPUT -i eth0 -p tcp --dport 443 -j DROP

# Allow management access only from trusted admin subnet
iptables -I INPUT -i eth0 -s 192.168.1.0/24 -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT
iptables -I INPUT -i eth0 -s 192.168.1.0/24 -p tcp --dport 443 -j ACCEPT