CVE-2026-1061 Overview
CVE-2026-1061 is an unrestricted file upload vulnerability affecting xiweicheng TMS (Transportation Management System) up to version 2.28.0. The vulnerability exists in the Upload function within the FileController.java file, where improper validation of the filename argument allows attackers to upload arbitrary files to the server. This vulnerability can be exploited remotely by authenticated users, potentially leading to remote code execution if malicious files such as web shells are uploaded.
Critical Impact
Remote attackers can exploit this unrestricted file upload vulnerability to upload malicious files, potentially achieving code execution on the target server.
Affected Products
- xiweicheng TMS versions up to 2.28.0
Discovery Timeline
- 2026-01-17 - CVE-2026-1061 published to NVD
- 2026-01-17 - Last updated in NVD database
Technical Details for CVE-2026-1061
Vulnerability Analysis
This unrestricted file upload vulnerability stems from improper access control (CWE-284) in the file upload functionality of xiweicheng TMS. The affected function Upload in src/main/java/com/lhjz/portal/controller/FileController.java fails to properly validate or sanitize the filename argument before processing file uploads. This allows attackers to bypass intended restrictions and upload files with arbitrary names and potentially dangerous content types.
The vulnerability is remotely exploitable, requiring only low-privilege authentication to execute. A public exploit is available, increasing the risk of active exploitation in the wild.
Root Cause
The root cause of this vulnerability is the lack of proper input validation on the filename parameter in the Upload function. The application does not implement adequate file type restrictions, filename sanitization, or content validation, allowing attackers to manipulate the filename argument to upload potentially malicious files. This represents a fundamental access control failure that could allow file system manipulation beyond the intended upload scope.
Attack Vector
The attack vector is network-based, allowing remote exploitation. An authenticated attacker can craft a malicious upload request with a manipulated filename parameter to:
- Upload executable files (e.g., .jsp, .java web shells) to gain code execution
- Overwrite existing application files through path traversal techniques
- Upload files to unintended directories if filename validation is completely absent
The vulnerability enables attackers to bypass file upload restrictions and place arbitrary content on the server. Technical details and proof-of-concept information are available in the GitHub CVE Resource repository.
Detection Methods for CVE-2026-1061
Indicators of Compromise
- Unexpected files with executable extensions (.jsp, .jspx, .java) appearing in upload directories
- HTTP POST requests to file upload endpoints containing suspicious filename parameters with path traversal characters (../)
- Web shells or other malicious files detected in application directories
- Unusual file naming patterns or encoded filenames in upload logs
Detection Strategies
- Monitor file upload endpoints for requests with suspicious filename patterns containing path traversal sequences or executable extensions
- Implement file integrity monitoring on upload directories and web-accessible paths to detect unauthorized file additions
- Deploy web application firewall (WAF) rules to detect and block unrestricted file upload attempts
- Review application logs for anomalous upload activity from authenticated users
Monitoring Recommendations
- Enable detailed logging on the FileController.java upload endpoint to capture all filename parameters
- Configure alerts for file creation events in upload directories, especially for executable file types
- Monitor for unusual authentication patterns followed by file upload activity
- Implement real-time scanning of uploaded files for malicious content
How to Mitigate CVE-2026-1061
Immediate Actions Required
- Upgrade xiweicheng TMS to a patched version (if available) that addresses the unrestricted file upload vulnerability
- Implement server-side filename validation to restrict allowed file extensions and prevent path traversal
- Configure upload directories with restricted permissions and ensure they are not web-accessible
- Deploy a web application firewall to filter malicious upload requests
Patch Information
No official patch information is currently available from the vendor. Organizations should monitor the VulDB entry and vendor channels for security updates. In the meantime, implement the recommended workarounds to reduce exposure risk.
Workarounds
- Implement a whitelist of allowed file extensions and reject all uploads that don't match
- Sanitize uploaded filenames by removing or replacing special characters, path separators, and encoded sequences
- Store uploaded files outside of the web root with randomized filenames to prevent direct access
- Add content-type validation to verify uploaded files match their declared MIME types
- Consider disabling the file upload functionality entirely until a patch is available if it is not business-critical
Disclaimer: This content was generated using AI. While we strive for accuracy, please verify critical information with official sources.
