CVE-2025-9660: Bakeshop Online Ordering System SQLi Flaw

CVE-2025-9660 Overview

A SQL Injection vulnerability has been identified in SourceCodester Bakeshop Online Ordering System version 1.0. The vulnerability exists in the /passwordrecover.php file where the phonenumber argument is not properly sanitized, allowing attackers to inject malicious SQL queries. This flaw can be exploited remotely without authentication, potentially enabling unauthorized access to the database, data exfiltration, or manipulation of stored information.

Critical Impact

Remote attackers can exploit this SQL injection vulnerability to bypass authentication mechanisms, extract sensitive customer and order data, or modify database records without authorization. The exploit has been publicly disclosed, increasing the risk of active exploitation.

Affected Products

• Janobe Bakeshop Online Ordering System 1.0

Discovery Timeline

• 2025-08-29 - CVE-2025-9660 published to NVD
• 2025-09-08 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-9660

Vulnerability Analysis

This SQL Injection vulnerability (CWE-74: Injection) occurs in the password recovery functionality of the Bakeshop Online Ordering System. The application fails to properly sanitize or parameterize user input from the phonenumber parameter before incorporating it into SQL queries. When a user submits a phone number through the password recovery form, the unsanitized input is directly concatenated into a database query, creating an injection point that attackers can exploit.

The vulnerability is accessible over the network without requiring any authentication or user interaction, making it particularly dangerous for internet-facing deployments. Successful exploitation could allow attackers to read sensitive data from the database, modify or delete records, and potentially escalate to more severe attacks depending on the database configuration.

Root Cause

The root cause of this vulnerability is improper input validation and the use of dynamic SQL query construction. The passwordrecover.php script directly incorporates user-supplied data from the phonenumber parameter into SQL statements without using prepared statements or parameterized queries. This allows specially crafted input to alter the intended SQL logic and execute arbitrary database commands.

Attack Vector

The attack is conducted remotely over the network by sending a malicious HTTP request to the /passwordrecover.php endpoint. An attacker can craft a specially formatted value for the phonenumber parameter that escapes the intended query context and injects additional SQL commands. The attack requires no authentication and no user interaction, making exploitation straightforward once the target system is identified.

The vulnerability can be exploited through standard SQL injection techniques such as UNION-based attacks to extract data from other tables, Boolean-based blind injection to infer database contents, or time-based blind injection for systems where direct output is not visible. Technical details and proof-of-concept information have been discussed in the GitHub Issue Discussion and documented in the VulDB Report #321868.

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-9660

Indicators of Compromise

• Unusual or malformed requests to /passwordrecover.php containing SQL syntax characters such as single quotes, double quotes, semicolons, or SQL keywords
• Database error messages in HTTP responses or application logs indicating SQL syntax errors
• Unexpected database queries or access patterns in database audit logs
• Multiple failed password recovery attempts from the same IP address with varying phonenumber values

Detection Strategies

• Implement Web Application Firewall (WAF) rules to detect and block SQL injection patterns in the phonenumber parameter
• Monitor web server access logs for requests to /passwordrecover.php containing suspicious characters or SQL keywords
• Enable database query logging and alert on queries with unusual structure or unauthorized table access
• Deploy intrusion detection signatures targeting common SQL injection attack patterns

Monitoring Recommendations

• Configure real-time alerting for SQL injection attack signatures in network security monitoring tools
• Review database audit logs regularly for unauthorized SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, or DELETE operations
• Monitor application error logs for database-related exceptions that may indicate exploitation attempts
• Implement rate limiting on the password recovery endpoint to slow down automated attack attempts

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-9660

Immediate Actions Required

• Restrict access to the /passwordrecover.php endpoint to trusted IP addresses or disable the password recovery feature temporarily
• Deploy a Web Application Firewall with SQL injection protection rules in front of the application
• Review and audit all user input handling in the application for similar vulnerabilities
• Monitor database activity for signs of data exfiltration or unauthorized modifications

Patch Information

No official vendor patch has been released at this time. The application is developed by SourceCodester and distributed through their platform. Organizations using this software should monitor the SourceCodester website for updates. Given the nature of SourceCodester projects as open-source learning resources, users may need to implement their own fixes.

For additional technical details, refer to the VulDB #321868 entry and the VulDB Submission #637236.

Workarounds

• Modify the /passwordrecover.php file to use prepared statements with parameterized queries instead of direct string concatenation
• Implement input validation to restrict the phonenumber parameter to numeric characters only
• Add a Web Application Firewall rule specifically blocking SQL injection attempts on the affected endpoint
• Consider disabling the password recovery feature entirely until a proper fix can be implemented
• Apply database principle of least privilege to limit the impact of successful SQL injection attacks

# Example WAF rule for ModSecurity to block SQL injection on the affected endpoint
SecRule REQUEST_URI "@contains /passwordrecover.php" \
    "id:100001,phase:2,deny,status:403,log,msg:'Potential SQL Injection in phonenumber parameter',\
    chain"
SecRule ARGS:phonenumber "@detectSQLi" "t:none,t:urlDecodeUni"