CVE-2025-7751: Anisha Appointment Booking SQL Injection

CVE-2025-7751 Overview

A SQL Injection vulnerability has been identified in code-projects Online Appointment Booking System version 1.0. This critical security flaw exists in the /admin/addclinic.php file, where improper handling of the cid parameter allows attackers to inject malicious SQL queries. The vulnerability can be exploited remotely without authentication, potentially compromising the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the underlying database.

Critical Impact

This SQL Injection vulnerability allows remote attackers to manipulate database queries through the cid parameter, potentially leading to unauthorized data access, data modification, or data destruction. The exploit has been publicly disclosed.

Affected Products

• Anisha Online Appointment Booking System 1.0
• code-projects Online Appointment Booking System /admin/addclinic.php

Discovery Timeline

• 2025-07-17 - CVE-2025-7751 published to NVD
• 2025-07-18 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-7751

Vulnerability Analysis

This vulnerability is classified as CWE-89 (SQL Injection) and CWE-74 (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component). The flaw stems from inadequate input validation in the clinic management functionality of the administrative interface. When processing the cid parameter in /admin/addclinic.php, the application fails to properly sanitize user-supplied input before incorporating it into SQL queries.

The attack can be launched remotely over the network, requiring no authentication or user interaction. An attacker can inject arbitrary SQL statements through the vulnerable cid parameter, allowing them to read sensitive data from the database, modify or delete records, or potentially execute administrative operations on the database server.

Root Cause

The root cause of this vulnerability is the failure to implement proper input validation and parameterized queries in the /admin/addclinic.php file. The cid parameter is directly concatenated into SQL queries without sanitization, allowing special SQL characters and commands to be interpreted by the database engine. This is a classic example of improper neutralization of special elements (CWE-74) leading to SQL injection (CWE-89).

Attack Vector

The attack vector is network-based, meaning attackers can exploit this vulnerability remotely. The vulnerable endpoint /admin/addclinic.php accepts the cid parameter, which is processed without adequate sanitization. An attacker can craft malicious HTTP requests containing SQL injection payloads in the cid parameter to manipulate the underlying database queries. The attack requires no special privileges or user interaction, making it accessible to unauthenticated remote attackers.

The vulnerability mechanism involves passing specially crafted input through the cid parameter that breaks out of the intended SQL query structure. For detailed technical information, refer to the GitHub CVE Issue Tracker where the vulnerability has been documented.

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-7751

Indicators of Compromise

• Unusual SQL error messages appearing in web server logs from /admin/addclinic.php
• HTTP requests to /admin/addclinic.php containing SQL keywords such as UNION, SELECT, DROP, or comment sequences (--, /*)
• Anomalous database query patterns or unexpected data access attempts
• Web application firewall alerts for SQL injection attempts targeting the cid parameter

Detection Strategies

• Deploy web application firewall (WAF) rules to detect SQL injection patterns in requests to /admin/addclinic.php
• Monitor web server access logs for requests containing URL-encoded SQL syntax in the cid parameter
• Implement database activity monitoring to detect unusual query patterns or unauthorized data access
• Configure intrusion detection systems (IDS) to alert on SQL injection signatures

Monitoring Recommendations

• Enable detailed logging for the web application and database server to capture all requests to administrative endpoints
• Set up automated alerts for SQL injection attack patterns in security monitoring tools
• Regularly review database audit logs for signs of unauthorized access or data exfiltration
• Monitor for unexpected changes to database schema or administrative user accounts

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-7751

Immediate Actions Required

• Restrict access to the /admin/addclinic.php endpoint to trusted IP addresses only
• Implement input validation to sanitize the cid parameter and reject requests containing SQL metacharacters
• Deploy a web application firewall with SQL injection protection rules
• Consider taking the affected application offline if it contains sensitive data until a proper fix can be implemented

Patch Information

No official vendor patch has been released at the time of this analysis. Organizations using Anisha Online Appointment Booking System 1.0 should monitor Code Projects Security Resources for updates. Additional vulnerability details are available through VulDB #316741 and the GitHub CVE Issue Tracker.

Workarounds

• Implement prepared statements or parameterized queries in the source code for all database interactions involving user input
• Apply server-side input validation to reject any cid values that do not conform to expected formats (e.g., numeric-only values)
• Use a web application firewall (WAF) configured with rules to block common SQL injection patterns
• Restrict database user privileges to limit the impact of successful SQL injection attacks

# Example WAF rule to block SQL injection in cid parameter
# ModSecurity rule example
SecRule ARGS:cid "@detectSQLi" \
    "id:1001,\
    phase:2,\
    deny,\
    status:403,\
    msg:'SQL Injection attempt detected in cid parameter',\
    log,\
    auditlog"