CVE-2025-7120: Campcodes Complaint Management SQLI Flaw

CVE-2025-7120 Overview

A critical SQL injection vulnerability has been identified in Campcodes Complaint Management System version 1.0. The vulnerability exists in the /users/check_availability.php file, where improper sanitization of the email parameter allows attackers to inject malicious SQL statements. This flaw can be exploited remotely without authentication, potentially enabling unauthorized access to sensitive database contents, data manipulation, or further system compromise.

Critical Impact

Remote attackers can exploit this SQL injection vulnerability to extract sensitive data, modify database contents, or potentially escalate to full system compromise through the exposed check_availability.php endpoint.

Affected Products

• Campcodes Complaint Management System 1.0

Discovery Timeline

• 2025-07-07 - CVE-2025-7120 published to NVD
• 2025-07-08 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-7120

Vulnerability Analysis

This SQL injection vulnerability stems from insufficient input validation in the email availability checking functionality of the Campcodes Complaint Management System. The /users/check_availability.php endpoint accepts user-supplied input through the email parameter and incorporates it directly into SQL queries without proper sanitization or parameterization.

The vulnerability allows attackers to manipulate database queries by injecting malicious SQL code through the email parameter. Since this endpoint is typically used to check whether an email address is already registered in the system, it likely executes a SELECT query against the user database. An attacker can abuse this functionality to extract data from the database, bypass authentication mechanisms, or perform other malicious database operations.

The attack can be launched remotely over the network without requiring any prior authentication, making it particularly dangerous for internet-facing installations. The exploit has been publicly disclosed, increasing the risk of widespread exploitation.

Root Cause

The root cause of CVE-2025-7120 is the failure to implement proper input validation and parameterized queries in the check_availability.php file. The email parameter is directly concatenated into SQL statements rather than being passed through prepared statements or escaped using appropriate database functions. This represents a classic CWE-74 (Injection) vulnerability where untrusted data is used to construct commands without proper neutralization.

Attack Vector

The attack vector is network-based, allowing remote exploitation without authentication. An attacker can craft malicious HTTP requests to the /users/check_availability.php endpoint with specially crafted SQL payloads in the email parameter. These payloads can include UNION-based injection to extract data from other tables, Boolean-based blind injection to enumerate database contents, or time-based blind injection techniques to exfiltrate information when direct output is not visible.

The vulnerability is straightforward to exploit, requiring no special privileges or user interaction. Attackers can use common SQL injection techniques and readily available tools to probe and exploit this weakness. Technical details and proof-of-concept information are available through the GitHub PoC Issue Discussion.

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-7120

Indicators of Compromise

• Unusual HTTP requests to /users/check_availability.php containing SQL syntax characters such as single quotes, double quotes, semicolons, or SQL keywords like UNION, SELECT, OR, AND
• Database error messages appearing in application logs or HTTP responses indicating SQL syntax errors
• Unexpected database queries in database audit logs, particularly those accessing tables beyond the user table
• Increased traffic volume to the check_availability.php endpoint from single IP addresses or suspicious sources

Detection Strategies

• Implement Web Application Firewall (WAF) rules to detect and block SQL injection patterns in the email parameter of requests to /users/check_availability.php
• Monitor web server access logs for requests containing URL-encoded SQL injection payloads targeting the vulnerable endpoint
• Enable database query logging and alert on queries containing suspicious patterns or accessing unexpected tables through the check availability functionality
• Deploy network intrusion detection signatures specifically targeting SQL injection attempts against PHP applications

Monitoring Recommendations

• Configure real-time alerting for any requests to /users/check_availability.php containing special characters or SQL keywords
• Establish baseline metrics for legitimate email validation requests and alert on anomalous patterns
• Monitor database connection activity for unusual query execution times or data extraction patterns that may indicate successful exploitation

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-7120

Immediate Actions Required

• Restrict access to /users/check_availability.php through web server configuration or firewall rules until a patch is applied
• Implement input validation on the email parameter to reject any input containing SQL syntax characters
• Deploy WAF rules to block SQL injection attempts targeting the Complaint Management System
• Review database logs for evidence of prior exploitation and assess potential data exposure

Patch Information

No official patch has been released by Campcodes at the time of this publication. Organizations should monitor the CampCodes website for security updates. Additional vulnerability information is available through VulDB ID #315032 and VulDB Submission #605912.

Workarounds

• Implement prepared statements and parameterized queries in the check_availability.php file to prevent SQL injection
• Add server-side input validation to ensure the email parameter contains only valid email address characters before processing
• Deploy a Web Application Firewall with SQL injection detection rules as an additional layer of defense
• Consider disabling the email availability check functionality entirely until a secure implementation can be deployed

# Apache configuration to temporarily block access to vulnerable endpoint
<Location /users/check_availability.php>
    Order deny,allow
    Deny from all
    # Allow only from trusted internal networks if needed
    # Allow from 192.168.1.0/24
</Location>