CVE-2025-63532: Blood Bank Management System SQLi Flaw

CVE-2025-63532 Overview

A SQL injection vulnerability exists in the Blood Bank Management System 1.0 within the cancel.php component. The application fails to properly sanitize user-supplied input in SQL queries, allowing an attacker to inject arbitrary SQL code. By manipulating the search field, an attacker can bypass authentication and gain unauthorized access to the system.

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-89 (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command) and carries a CVSS 3.1 score of 8.8 (HIGH), indicating significant risk to affected deployments. With a network-based attack vector requiring low privileges and no user interaction, this vulnerability presents a serious threat to data confidentiality, integrity, and availability.

Critical Impact

Successful exploitation allows attackers to bypass authentication, extract sensitive database contents including donor records and medical information, modify or delete critical data, and potentially achieve full system compromise through database server access.

Affected Products

• Shridharshukl Blood Bank Management System 1.0
• cancel.php component handling search functionality
• Any deployment using unsanitized SQL query construction

Discovery Timeline

• December 1, 2025 - CVE-2025-63532 published to NVD
• December 4, 2025 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-63532

Vulnerability Analysis

The SQL injection vulnerability in Blood Bank Management System 1.0 stems from improper handling of user input in the cancel.php component. When processing search requests, the application directly concatenates user-supplied data into SQL query strings without proper sanitization or parameterization.

The CVSS vector CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H indicates:

• Attack Vector (AV:N): Exploitable remotely over the network
• Attack Complexity (AC:L): Low complexity, easily reproducible
• Privileges Required (PR:L): Low-level authentication required
• User Interaction (UI:N): No user interaction needed
• Impact: High impact on Confidentiality, Integrity, and Availability

The Exploit Prediction Scoring System (EPSS) assigns this vulnerability a probability score of 0.077% with a percentile ranking of 23.462, indicating a relatively lower likelihood of exploitation in the wild compared to other vulnerabilities, though the technical severity remains high.

Root Cause

The root cause of this vulnerability is the failure to implement proper input validation and parameterized queries in the cancel.php component. The application directly incorporates user-supplied search field values into SQL statements using string concatenation, creating an injection point that allows attackers to manipulate the query logic.

This represents a classic SQL injection pattern where dynamic SQL construction without proper escaping or prepared statements enables malicious input to alter query semantics. The vulnerable code path processes search parameters without any validation layer, allowing special SQL characters and syntax to pass through unfiltered.

Attack Vector

The attack vector involves submitting specially crafted input through the search field parameter in cancel.php. An attacker with low-level system access can inject SQL syntax that modifies the intended query behavior.

Typical exploitation techniques for this vulnerability include:

• Authentication bypass: Injecting conditions that always evaluate to true (e.g., ' OR '1'='1)
• Data exfiltration: Using UNION-based injection to extract data from other tables
• Blind SQL injection: Leveraging boolean-based or time-based techniques to infer database contents
• Database enumeration: Extracting schema information including table names, column names, and user credentials

The vulnerability allows attackers to potentially access sensitive medical records, donor information, blood inventory data, and administrative credentials stored in the database. For detailed technical analysis, refer to the third-party advisory.

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-63532

Indicators of Compromise

• Unusual SQL error messages appearing in application logs or responses
• Abnormal database query patterns in cancel.php access logs
• Unexpected database queries containing SQL keywords like UNION, SELECT, DROP, or comment sequences (--, /*)
• Multiple failed authentication attempts followed by sudden successful access
• Database audit logs showing queries accessing tables beyond normal application scope

Detection Strategies

Organizations can implement multiple detection layers to identify exploitation attempts:

Web Application Firewall (WAF) Rules: Configure WAF signatures to detect common SQL injection patterns including single quotes, SQL keywords, comment sequences, and UNION-based payloads targeting the cancel.php endpoint.

Database Activity Monitoring: Deploy database monitoring solutions to alert on unusual query patterns, failed queries with SQL syntax errors, or queries accessing sensitive tables outside normal application behavior.

Log Analysis: Implement centralized logging with correlation rules to identify SQL injection patterns in HTTP request parameters, particularly monitoring the search field parameter in requests to cancel.php.

SentinelOne Singularity Platform: Leverage SentinelOne's behavioral AI to detect anomalous process behaviors and database access patterns that may indicate post-exploitation activities following successful SQL injection attacks.

Monitoring Recommendations

Implement comprehensive monitoring across multiple layers:

1. Application Layer: Enable detailed logging for all database queries executed by cancel.php and implement input validation logging to capture potentially malicious inputs
2. Database Layer: Enable query auditing and monitor for queries with unusual syntax or accessing sensitive tables
3. Network Layer: Monitor HTTP traffic to the vulnerable endpoint for SQL injection payload signatures
4. Endpoint Layer: Use SentinelOne to monitor for suspicious processes spawned by the web server that may indicate post-exploitation activity

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-63532

Immediate Actions Required

• Implement parameterized queries (prepared statements) for all database operations in cancel.php
• Deploy web application firewall rules to block SQL injection attempts targeting the vulnerable endpoint
• Apply strict input validation to sanitize and validate all user-supplied search parameters
• Restrict database user privileges to minimum required permissions (principle of least privilege)
• Enable database query logging and monitoring for anomaly detection

Patch Information

As of the last modification date (December 4, 2025), no official vendor patch has been released for this vulnerability. The affected software is available on GitHub, and users should monitor the repository for security updates.

Organizations using Blood Bank Management System 1.0 should implement the workarounds described below until an official patch is available. Consider conducting a code review of all PHP files that interact with the database to identify and remediate similar injection points.

Workarounds

Until an official patch is available, implement the following defensive measures:

Input Validation: Implement strict allowlist validation on all search parameters, rejecting inputs containing SQL special characters or keywords.

Prepared Statements: Modify the cancel.php code to use PDO or MySQLi prepared statements instead of string concatenation for SQL queries.

Database Hardening: Configure the database user account used by the application with minimum required privileges, removing permissions for operations like DROP, CREATE, or ALTER.

Network Segmentation: Isolate the Blood Bank Management System from critical network segments and restrict access to authorized users only.

# Example: Apache ModSecurity rules to block common SQL injection patterns
# Add to /etc/modsecurity/modsecurity.conf or appropriate configuration file

SecRule ARGS "@detectSQLi" \
    "id:1001,\
    phase:2,\
    block,\
    capture,\
    t:none,t:urlDecodeUni,t:htmlEntityDecode,t:lowercase,\
    msg:'SQL Injection Attack Detected',\
    logdata:'Matched Data: %{TX.0} found within %{MATCHED_VAR_NAME}',\
    severity:'CRITICAL'"

# Specific rule for cancel.php endpoint
SecRule REQUEST_URI "@contains cancel.php" \
    "chain,\
    id:1002,\
    phase:2,\
    block,\
    msg:'Potential SQL Injection in cancel.php'"
SecRule ARGS_GET|ARGS_POST "@rx (\%27)|(\')|(\-\-)|(\%23)|(#)" \
    "t:none,t:urlDecodeUni"