CVE-2025-59834: Srmorete Adb Mcp Server RCE Vulnerability

CVE-2025-59834 Overview

CVE-2025-59834 is a critical command injection vulnerability affecting ADB MCP Server, a Model Context Protocol (MCP) server designed for interacting with Android devices through the Android Debug Bridge (ADB). The vulnerability exists in versions 0.1.0 and prior, where the MCP Server tool definitions and implementations fail to properly sanitize user-controlled input, allowing attackers to inject and execute arbitrary commands on the underlying system.

Critical Impact

This command injection vulnerability allows unauthenticated remote attackers to execute arbitrary system commands with the privileges of the MCP Server process, potentially leading to complete system compromise.

Affected Products

• ADB MCP Server versions 0.1.0 and prior
• srmorete adb_mcp_server (Node.js package)

Discovery Timeline

• 2025-09-25 - CVE-2025-59834 published to NVD
• 2025-10-14 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-59834

Vulnerability Analysis

This vulnerability falls under CWE-77 (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command), commonly known as command injection. The ADB MCP Server processes user-supplied input through its MCP Server tool definitions without adequate sanitization or validation. When the server handles requests that interact with ADB commands, malicious input containing shell metacharacters can break out of the intended command context and execute arbitrary system commands.

The vulnerable code is located in the server's index.ts file, specifically in the tool definition and implementation sections. The attack surface is network-accessible, requires no authentication or user interaction, and can result in complete compromise of confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the affected system.

Root Cause

The root cause of this vulnerability is the improper handling of user-controlled input in the MCP Server's tool implementation. The server constructs system commands using string concatenation or template literals without properly escaping or validating the input parameters. This allows shell metacharacters such as ;, |, &&, $(), and backticks to be interpreted by the underlying shell, enabling command injection attacks.

Attack Vector

The vulnerability is exploitable over the network without requiring authentication. An attacker can craft malicious requests to the MCP Server's exposed endpoints, embedding command injection payloads within parameters that are subsequently passed to system command execution functions. Since the MCP protocol is designed for AI model interactions with external tools, the attack surface may be expanded in environments where AI systems process untrusted input and forward it to the vulnerable server.

The attack flow involves:

1. Identifying an MCP Server instance exposed to the network
2. Crafting a malicious request containing shell metacharacters in tool parameters
3. The server concatenates the malicious input into a command string
4. The shell interprets the metacharacters, executing the injected commands
5. The attacker gains arbitrary command execution with server privileges

Technical details of the vulnerable code patterns can be found in the GitHub code reference and the security advisory.

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-59834

Indicators of Compromise

• Unusual process spawning from the Node.js MCP Server process
• Command history or logs showing injected shell commands with metacharacters
• Network connections to unexpected destinations initiated by the server process
• Modification of system files or creation of new user accounts

Detection Strategies

• Monitor for shell metacharacters (;, |, &&, $(), backticks) in MCP Server request logs
• Implement application-level logging to capture all tool invocation parameters
• Deploy endpoint detection solutions to identify anomalous child process creation from Node.js processes
• Use network monitoring to detect unusual outbound connections from the server

Monitoring Recommendations

• Enable verbose logging on the ADB MCP Server to capture all incoming requests
• Configure SIEM rules to alert on command injection patterns in application logs
• Monitor file integrity on systems running the vulnerable server
• Implement process monitoring to detect unexpected command execution chains

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-59834

Immediate Actions Required

• Update to a version containing commit 041729c or later immediately
• If unable to update, restrict network access to the MCP Server to trusted sources only
• Implement input validation at the network perimeter using a WAF with command injection rules
• Audit logs for signs of prior exploitation attempts

Patch Information

The vulnerability has been addressed in commit 041729c0b25432df3199ff71b3163a307cf4c28c. Organizations should update their ADB MCP Server installations to include this fix. The patch is available through the official GitHub repository.

For detailed information about the vulnerability and remediation, refer to the GitHub Security Advisory GHSA-54j7-grvr-9xwg.

Workarounds

• Restrict network access to the MCP Server using firewall rules to allow only trusted IP addresses
• Deploy the server behind an application firewall configured to filter command injection patterns
• Run the MCP Server in a containerized environment with minimal privileges and restricted system access
• Disable or remove unused MCP Server tools that accept user input

# Configuration example
# Restrict MCP Server access using iptables
iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 3000 -s 10.0.0.0/24 -j ACCEPT
iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 3000 -j DROP

# Run MCP Server with reduced privileges
sudo -u mcpservice node /path/to/adb-mcp/dist/index.js