CVE-2025-58479: Samsung Android OOB Read Vulnerability

CVE-2025-58479 Overview

CVE-2025-58479 is a high-severity out-of-bounds read vulnerability affecting Samsung Android devices through the libimagecodec.quram.so shared library. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to access out-of-bounds memory, potentially leading to sensitive information disclosure from device memory.

The vulnerability exists in Samsung's proprietary image codec library, which is used for processing various image formats on Samsung Android devices. By exploiting this flaw, an attacker could craft malicious image files that, when processed by the vulnerable library, trigger an out-of-bounds read condition, allowing access to adjacent memory regions.

Critical Impact

Remote attackers can exploit this vulnerability without authentication to access sensitive information from device memory through crafted image files.

Affected Products

• Samsung Android 13.0 (all SMR releases prior to SMR Dec-2025 Release 1)
• Samsung Android 14.0 (all SMR releases prior to SMR Dec-2025 Release 1)
• Samsung Android 15.0 (all SMR releases prior to SMR Dec-2025 Release 1)
• Samsung Android 16.0 (all SMR releases prior to SMR Dec-2025 Release 1)

Discovery Timeline

• December 2, 2025 - CVE-2025-58479 published to NVD
• December 5, 2025 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-58479

Vulnerability Analysis

This vulnerability is classified as CWE-125 (Out-of-bounds Read), which occurs when a program reads data past the end or before the beginning of the intended buffer. In the context of libimagecodec.quram.so, the library fails to properly validate image dimensions or metadata before processing, allowing attackers to manipulate image parameters to cause reads beyond allocated buffer boundaries.

The CVSS v3.1 score of 7.5 (High) reflects the network-based attack vector with no user interaction required. The CVSS vector CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N indicates:

• Attack Vector (AV:N): Network-based exploitation
• Attack Complexity (AC:L): Low complexity to exploit
• Privileges Required (PR:N): No privileges needed
• User Interaction (UI:N): No user interaction required
• Confidentiality Impact (C:H): High confidentiality impact

The EPSS score of 0.043% with a percentile of 13.241 suggests a relatively low but non-trivial probability of exploitation in the wild.

Root Cause

The root cause of CVE-2025-58479 lies in insufficient bounds checking within the libimagecodec.quram.so library when parsing image file headers and metadata. The Quram image codec library processes various image formats, and when handling specially crafted images with malformed dimensions or chunk sizes, the library fails to validate that read operations stay within allocated buffer boundaries.

This type of vulnerability typically occurs when:

• Image dimension fields are not properly validated against buffer sizes
• Offset calculations do not account for potential integer overflow
• Length fields in image metadata are trusted without verification

Attack Vector

The attack vector for this vulnerability is network-based, meaning an attacker can exploit it remotely without requiring local access to the device. Potential attack scenarios include:

1. Malicious Image Delivery: An attacker sends a crafted image file via messaging apps, email, or websites that automatically process images for thumbnails or previews
2. Web-Based Exploitation: Hosting malicious images on websites that are loaded by the vulnerable codec when a user browses to the page
3. MMS/RCS Attacks: Sending specially crafted images through mobile messaging services

When the vulnerable libimagecodec.quram.so library processes the malicious image, it reads beyond the intended buffer boundaries, potentially exposing sensitive data from adjacent memory regions. This data could include authentication tokens, encryption keys, or other sensitive information stored in process memory.

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-58479

Indicators of Compromise

• Unusual crashes or application termination in image processing components
• Unexpected memory access patterns in system logs related to image codec operations
• Applications processing images consuming abnormally high memory or exhibiting unstable behavior
• Log entries indicating segmentation faults or memory access violations in libimagecodec.quram.so

Detection Strategies

Organizations should implement monitoring for suspicious image file activity on Samsung Android devices within their fleet. Key detection approaches include:

1. Mobile Device Management (MDM) Monitoring: Monitor device logs for crashes related to image processing libraries
2. Network Traffic Analysis: Inspect network traffic for unusually large or malformed image files targeting Samsung devices
3. Application Behavior Analysis: Monitor for applications exhibiting memory access anomalies during image processing
4. Endpoint Detection: Use mobile threat defense solutions to detect exploitation attempts

SentinelOne Singularity Mobile can detect anomalous behavior patterns associated with memory corruption vulnerabilities, including out-of-bounds read attempts. The platform's behavioral AI engine monitors for suspicious process behavior that may indicate exploitation.

Monitoring Recommendations

Deploy comprehensive mobile security monitoring across the organization's Samsung Android device fleet. Establish baseline behavior for image processing operations and alert on deviations. Consider implementing application whitelisting for messaging and image viewing applications on sensitive devices.

Enable verbose logging on managed devices to capture detailed information about image codec operations. Integrate device telemetry with SIEM platforms to correlate potential exploitation attempts across the environment.

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-58479

Immediate Actions Required

• Apply Samsung's SMR Dec-2025 Release 1 security update immediately on all affected devices
• Until patched, exercise caution when opening images from untrusted sources
• Implement mobile threat defense solutions to monitor for exploitation attempts
• Review and restrict automatic image preview functionality in messaging applications where possible

Patch Information

Samsung has addressed this vulnerability in the SMR Dec-2025 Release 1 security update. The fix is available through Samsung's standard update channels:

• Vendor Advisory: Samsung Mobile Security Update - December 2025
• Update Method: Over-the-air (OTA) update or via Samsung Smart Switch
• Affected Versions: Samsung Android 13.0, 14.0, 15.0, and 16.0 prior to SMR Dec-2025 Release 1

Organizations should prioritize deployment of this security update through their MDM solutions. The patch addresses the bounds checking issue in libimagecodec.quram.so to prevent out-of-bounds read conditions.

Workarounds

While awaiting patch deployment, organizations can implement the following temporary mitigations:

1. Restrict Image Auto-Download: Configure messaging applications to disable automatic download and preview of images from unknown senders
2. Network-Level Filtering: Implement network security controls to inspect and filter potentially malicious image files
3. User Awareness: Educate users about the risks of opening image files from untrusted sources
4. Application Isolation: Where possible, use work profile separation to isolate sensitive data from potentially exploitable image processing

# MDM Policy Configuration Example
# Disable automatic media download in messaging apps
# (Implementation varies by MDM solution)

# For Samsung Knox-managed devices:
# Policy: Restrict media auto-download
# Setting: Messaging apps > Media download > Manual only
# Scope: All managed Samsung devices running Android 13-16