CVE-2025-58379: Brocade Fabric OS Info Disclosure Flaw

CVE-2025-58379 Overview

A local privilege escalation vulnerability exists in Brocade Fabric OS before version 9.2.1 that could allow an authenticated local attacker to reveal command line passwords. This vulnerability enables lower-privileged users to execute commands that may expose sensitive information typically restricted to higher privilege levels, potentially compromising administrative credentials and system security.

Critical Impact

Authenticated local attackers can leverage this vulnerability to obtain command line passwords and sensitive information from higher-privileged accounts, potentially leading to full system compromise.

Affected Products

• Brocade Fabric OS versions prior to 9.2.1

Discovery Timeline

• 2026-02-03 - CVE CVE-2025-58379 published to NVD
• 2026-02-03 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-58379

Vulnerability Analysis

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-250 (Execution with Unnecessary Privileges), indicating a design flaw where certain commands in Brocade Fabric OS run with elevated privileges beyond what is required for their intended functionality. The issue stems from improper privilege separation in the command execution framework, allowing lower-privileged authenticated users to access sensitive data that should only be visible to administrators.

The attack requires local access and user interaction, making it suitable for insider threats or scenarios where an attacker has already gained limited access to the system. Once exploited, the attacker can retrieve command line passwords that may be exposed through command history, process listings, or diagnostic outputs that were not properly sanitized for lower privilege levels.

Root Cause

The root cause of CVE-2025-58379 lies in inadequate privilege separation within the Brocade Fabric OS command execution framework. Certain commands that handle or display sensitive information, including passwords, do not properly validate the privilege level of the requesting user before exposing that data. This allows authenticated users with lower privilege levels to invoke commands or access command outputs that reveal credentials intended only for higher-privileged administrators.

Attack Vector

The attack vector is local, requiring the attacker to have authenticated access to the Brocade Fabric OS environment. The exploitation scenario involves:

1. An attacker first gains authenticated access to the system as a lower-privileged user
2. The attacker identifies and executes specific commands that improperly expose sensitive information
3. Command outputs, process arguments, or command history reveal passwords belonging to higher-privileged accounts
4. The attacker uses the obtained credentials to escalate privileges or access protected resources

Since no verified exploit code is available for this vulnerability, the specific commands and techniques used for exploitation are detailed in the Broadcom Security Advisory #36850.

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-58379

Indicators of Compromise

• Unusual command execution patterns by lower-privileged users attempting to access sensitive system information
• Abnormal queries to command history or process listings by non-administrative accounts
• Unexpected privilege escalation attempts following credential discovery
• Log entries showing access to privileged command outputs by standard users

Detection Strategies

• Monitor and audit all command executions on Brocade Fabric OS systems, particularly those involving sensitive data access
• Implement logging for failed and successful authentication attempts to detect credential reuse
• Deploy user behavior analytics to identify anomalous access patterns by lower-privileged accounts
• Enable SentinelOne endpoint monitoring to detect post-exploitation activities and lateral movement

Monitoring Recommendations

• Configure centralized logging for all Brocade Fabric OS command executions and authentication events
• Set up alerts for commands that may expose sensitive information when executed by non-administrative users
• Regularly review audit logs for privilege escalation indicators and credential harvesting attempts
• Implement SentinelOne Singularity platform for real-time threat detection and automated response capabilities

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-58379

Immediate Actions Required

• Upgrade Brocade Fabric OS to version 9.2.1 or later immediately
• Audit current user accounts and restrict unnecessary local access privileges
• Rotate all administrative credentials that may have been exposed
• Review and limit the number of users with local system access to reduce the attack surface

Patch Information

Broadcom has released Brocade Fabric OS version 9.2.1 which addresses this vulnerability. Organizations should review the Broadcom Security Advisory #36850 for complete patch details and upgrade instructions. Apply the patch following your organization's change management procedures after testing in a non-production environment.

Workarounds

• Implement strict access controls to limit local authenticated access to only essential personnel
• Enable comprehensive auditing and monitoring of all user commands on affected systems
• Apply the principle of least privilege by reviewing and removing unnecessary user accounts
• Isolate affected Fabric OS systems to limit potential credential exposure scope until patching is complete