CVE-2025-5697: Brilliance Golden Link SQL Injection Flaw

CVE-2025-5697 Overview

A critical SQL injection vulnerability has been identified in Brilliance Golden Link Secondary System up to version 20250424. The vulnerability exists in the file /reprotframework/tcCustDeferPosiQuery.htm where insufficient input validation allows manipulation of the custTradeId parameter to inject arbitrary SQL commands. This flaw enables remote attackers with low-privilege access to execute malicious SQL queries against the underlying database, potentially leading to unauthorized data access, data manipulation, or further system compromise.

Critical Impact

Remote attackers can exploit this SQL injection vulnerability to access, modify, or delete sensitive database information in the Brilliance Golden Link Secondary System through the custTradeId parameter.

Affected Products

• Brilliance Golden Link Secondary System up to version 20250424
• All versions prior to the patched release

Discovery Timeline

• June 5, 2025 - CVE-2025-5697 published to NVD
• November 6, 2025 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-5697

Vulnerability Analysis

This SQL injection vulnerability (CWE-89) arises from improper neutralization of special elements used in SQL commands. The affected endpoint /reprotframework/tcCustDeferPosiQuery.htm accepts user-controlled input through the custTradeId parameter without adequate sanitization. When this parameter is processed, malicious SQL syntax can be injected and executed by the database engine. The vulnerability is classified as an injection flaw (CWE-74), indicating that the application fails to properly separate control plane instructions from data plane content.

The network-based attack vector allows remote exploitation without requiring user interaction. An authenticated attacker with low privileges can craft malicious requests to extract sensitive information, bypass authentication mechanisms, or manipulate database records. The exploit has been publicly disclosed, increasing the risk of active exploitation attempts.

Root Cause

The root cause of this vulnerability is the failure to implement proper input validation and parameterized queries for the custTradeId parameter in the tcCustDeferPosiQuery.htm endpoint. User-supplied input is directly concatenated into SQL queries without sanitization, allowing attackers to break out of the intended query structure and inject arbitrary SQL commands.

Attack Vector

The vulnerability is exploitable over the network through HTTP requests to the vulnerable endpoint. An attacker with valid credentials (low privilege required) can manipulate the custTradeId parameter in requests to /reprotframework/tcCustDeferPosiQuery.htm. By injecting SQL metacharacters and malicious query fragments, the attacker can alter the logic of database queries, potentially extracting sensitive data, modifying records, or escalating privileges within the database context.

The attack requires no user interaction and can be executed remotely against any exposed instance of the affected system. Technical details and documentation related to this vulnerability are available through the GitHub Documentation Repository and VulDB Entry #311213.

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-5697

Indicators of Compromise

• Unusual database query patterns or errors in application logs associated with the tcCustDeferPosiQuery.htm endpoint
• HTTP requests containing SQL metacharacters (single quotes, semicolons, UNION statements, comment sequences) in the custTradeId parameter
• Database audit logs showing unauthorized SELECT, UPDATE, DELETE, or data exfiltration queries
• Unexpected data modifications or access patterns in tables related to customer trade deferrals

Detection Strategies

• Implement Web Application Firewall (WAF) rules to detect and block common SQL injection patterns targeting the custTradeId parameter
• Deploy intrusion detection signatures that alert on SQL injection attempt patterns in HTTP POST/GET requests to /reprotframework/tcCustDeferPosiQuery.htm
• Enable database query logging and alert on anomalous or malformed SQL queries originating from the application layer
• Use SentinelOne Singularity Platform to monitor for suspicious database access patterns and post-exploitation activities

Monitoring Recommendations

• Monitor HTTP traffic to the /reprotframework/tcCustDeferPosiQuery.htm endpoint for anomalous request patterns
• Enable verbose logging for database transactions and configure alerts for query syntax errors or injection signatures
• Implement real-time correlation of web server logs with database audit logs to identify exploitation attempts
• Conduct periodic security scans targeting SQL injection vulnerabilities in the Golden Link Secondary System

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-5697

Immediate Actions Required

• Restrict network access to the Brilliance Golden Link Secondary System to trusted IP addresses only
• Implement input validation on the custTradeId parameter to reject SQL metacharacters and malicious patterns
• Apply Web Application Firewall rules to block SQL injection attempts targeting the vulnerable endpoint
• Review database permissions to ensure the application uses least-privilege database accounts
• Monitor for exploitation attempts and investigate any suspicious activity in application and database logs

Patch Information

Organizations should contact Brilliance directly for official patch information and security updates for the Golden Link Secondary System. Until a vendor patch is available, apply the recommended workarounds and hardening measures to reduce exposure. Monitor the VulDB Entry #311213 for updates on remediation guidance.

Workarounds

• Deploy a WAF with SQL injection protection rules in front of the vulnerable application
• Implement network segmentation to limit access to the Golden Link Secondary System from untrusted networks
• Use database stored procedures with parameterized inputs as an intermediary layer to prevent direct SQL injection
• Disable or restrict access to the /reprotframework/tcCustDeferPosiQuery.htm endpoint if not business-critical
• Apply database-level access controls to limit the impact of successful SQL injection attacks

# Example WAF rule to block SQL injection in custTradeId parameter
# ModSecurity Rule Example
SecRule ARGS:custTradeId "@detectSQLi" \
    "id:100001,\
    phase:2,\
    deny,\
    status:403,\
    log,\
    msg:'SQL Injection attempt detected in custTradeId parameter',\
    tag:'CVE-2025-5697'"