CVE-2025-5698: Brilliance Golden Link SQL Injection Flaw

CVE-2025-5698 Overview

A critical SQL injection vulnerability has been identified in Brilliance Golden Link Secondary System versions up to 20250424. The vulnerability exists in the /sysframework/logSelect.htm endpoint, where improper handling of the nodename parameter allows attackers to inject malicious SQL statements. This flaw enables remote exploitation, potentially compromising the integrity, confidentiality, and availability of the affected system and its underlying database.

Critical Impact

Remote attackers can exploit this SQL injection vulnerability to execute arbitrary SQL queries, potentially leading to unauthorized data access, data manipulation, or denial of service against the underlying database system.

Affected Products

• Brilliance Golden Link Secondary System (versions up to 20250424)

Discovery Timeline

• 2025-06-05 - CVE-2025-5698 published to NVD
• 2025-11-06 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-5698

Vulnerability Analysis

This SQL injection vulnerability (CWE-89) affects the Brilliance Golden Link Secondary System through improper neutralization of special elements used in SQL commands. The vulnerable endpoint /sysframework/logSelect.htm fails to properly sanitize user-supplied input in the nodename parameter before incorporating it into SQL queries. This allows an attacker with low-level privileges to inject arbitrary SQL commands that are then executed by the database engine.

The vulnerability also falls under CWE-74 (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component), indicating a fundamental input validation failure that enables injection attacks. The exploit has been publicly disclosed, increasing the risk of active exploitation in the wild.

Root Cause

The root cause of this vulnerability is insufficient input validation and lack of parameterized queries in the application's database interaction layer. When processing requests to /sysframework/logSelect.htm, the application directly concatenates user-supplied values from the nodename parameter into SQL query strings without proper sanitization or the use of prepared statements.

Attack Vector

The attack can be launched remotely over the network and requires only low-level authentication privileges. An attacker can craft malicious HTTP requests to the vulnerable endpoint, injecting SQL payloads through the nodename parameter. The injected SQL commands are then executed with the privileges of the database user configured for the application.

The vulnerability allows attackers to potentially extract sensitive data from the database, modify or delete records, or perform other database operations depending on the database user's permissions. Technical details regarding the exploitation method are available in the GitHub PoC Repository and the VulDB advisory.

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-5698

Indicators of Compromise

• HTTP requests to /sysframework/logSelect.htm containing SQL injection patterns in the nodename parameter
• Unusual database queries or error messages in application logs indicating SQL syntax errors
• Unexpected data access patterns or bulk data extraction from the database
• Authentication anomalies or privilege escalation attempts following SQL injection activity

Detection Strategies

• Implement Web Application Firewall (WAF) rules to detect and block SQL injection patterns in requests to /sysframework/logSelect.htm
• Enable database query logging and monitor for anomalous or unauthorized SQL statements
• Deploy intrusion detection systems (IDS) with signatures for common SQL injection attack patterns
• Utilize SentinelOne's behavioral AI to detect exploitation attempts and post-exploitation activities

Monitoring Recommendations

• Monitor HTTP access logs for requests containing SQL metacharacters (single quotes, semicolons, UNION keywords) in the nodename parameter
• Configure alerting for database errors related to malformed SQL queries
• Track and investigate any unusual database read/write patterns that may indicate data exfiltration
• Review authentication logs for signs of privilege escalation following potential exploitation

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-5698

Immediate Actions Required

• Restrict network access to the Brilliance Golden Link Secondary System to trusted IP addresses only
• Deploy WAF rules to filter SQL injection attempts targeting the /sysframework/logSelect.htm endpoint
• Review database user permissions and apply the principle of least privilege
• Enable detailed logging for the affected endpoint to capture potential exploitation attempts
• Consider taking the vulnerable endpoint offline until a patch is available

Patch Information

No official vendor patch information is currently available for this vulnerability. Organizations should monitor Brilliance vendor communications for security updates. Additional vulnerability details can be found in the VulDB submission.

Workarounds

• Implement input validation at the application layer to sanitize the nodename parameter
• Deploy a reverse proxy or WAF with SQL injection filtering rules in front of the application
• Restrict database user permissions to minimize the impact of successful SQL injection attacks
• Isolate the affected system on a network segment with limited access
• Consider implementing parameterized queries or stored procedures if source code modification is possible

# Example WAF rule for ModSecurity to block SQL injection attempts
SecRule ARGS:nodename "@detectSQLi" \
    "id:100001,\
    phase:2,\
    deny,\
    status:403,\
    log,\
    msg:'SQL Injection Attempt Detected in nodename parameter - CVE-2025-5698',\
    tag:'application-multi',\
    tag:'language-multi',\
    tag:'attack-sqli'"