CVE-2025-5363: Campcodes Hospital Management SQL Injection

CVE-2025-5363 Overview

A critical SQL injection vulnerability has been identified in Campcodes Online Hospital Management System version 1.0. The vulnerability exists in the /doctor/index.php file where the Username argument is improperly handled, allowing attackers to inject malicious SQL statements. This flaw enables remote attackers to manipulate database queries without authentication, potentially compromising sensitive patient data and system integrity.

Critical Impact

Unauthenticated attackers can remotely exploit this SQL injection vulnerability to access, modify, or delete sensitive healthcare data stored in the hospital management system's database.

Affected Products

• Campcodes Online Hospital Management System 1.0
• File: /doctor/index.php
• Parameter: Username

Discovery Timeline

• 2025-05-30 - CVE-2025-5363 published to NVD
• 2025-06-03 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-5363

Vulnerability Analysis

This vulnerability is classified as SQL Injection (CWE-89) with a secondary classification of Injection (CWE-74). The flaw exists in the authentication mechanism of the doctor portal login page where user-supplied input through the Username parameter is not properly sanitized before being incorporated into SQL queries.

The vulnerability allows attackers to bypass authentication controls and directly interact with the backend database. Given that this is a hospital management system, successful exploitation could expose Protected Health Information (PHI), patient records, medical histories, and administrative credentials. The attack can be executed remotely over the network without requiring any prior authentication or user interaction.

Root Cause

The root cause is improper input validation and the failure to use parameterized queries or prepared statements when processing the Username parameter in the /doctor/index.php file. User input is directly concatenated into SQL query strings, allowing attackers to inject arbitrary SQL commands that are then executed by the database engine.

Attack Vector

The attack is network-based, meaning it can be launched remotely against any publicly accessible instance of the Online Hospital Management System. An attacker can craft malicious input in the Username field of the login form to manipulate the underlying SQL query. This could allow authentication bypass, data extraction through UNION-based injection, or destructive operations through stacked queries depending on the database configuration.

The vulnerability has been publicly disclosed, and technical details are available through the GitHub Issue on CVE. Additional information can be found at VulDB #310657.

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-5363

Indicators of Compromise

• Unusual SQL error messages in web server logs referencing /doctor/index.php
• Login attempts with special characters such as single quotes, double dashes, or SQL keywords in the username field
• Database query logs showing unexpected UNION SELECT, OR 1=1, or comment sequences
• Abnormal database read/write patterns or unauthorized data access attempts

Detection Strategies

• Deploy Web Application Firewall (WAF) rules to detect and block SQL injection patterns in the Username parameter
• Monitor authentication logs for repeated failed login attempts with malformed usernames
• Implement database activity monitoring to detect anomalous query patterns
• Use intrusion detection systems (IDS) with signatures for common SQL injection attack vectors

Monitoring Recommendations

• Enable verbose logging on the web application to capture all requests to /doctor/index.php
• Configure database audit logging to track all queries executed against sensitive tables
• Set up alerts for authentication failures with suspicious input patterns
• Monitor network traffic for signs of automated SQL injection scanning tools

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-5363

Immediate Actions Required

• Restrict network access to the Online Hospital Management System to trusted IP ranges only
• Implement Web Application Firewall (WAF) rules to filter SQL injection attempts
• Review and sanitize all user input before processing in database queries
• Consider taking the affected login portal offline until a patch is available

Patch Information

At the time of this publication, no official patch from Campcodes has been identified for this vulnerability. Organizations using the Online Hospital Management System 1.0 should monitor the CampCodes website for security updates and apply patches as soon as they become available. Additional vulnerability details can be tracked through VulDB CTI ID #310657.

Workarounds

• Implement input validation to reject special characters and SQL keywords in the username field
• Use a Web Application Firewall to filter malicious requests before they reach the application
• Deploy parameterized queries or prepared statements if modifying the source code is feasible
• Limit database user permissions to minimize the impact of successful SQL injection attacks
• Consider network segmentation to isolate the hospital management system from other critical infrastructure

# Example WAF rule to block common SQL injection patterns
# ModSecurity rule for Apache
SecRule ARGS:Username "@rx (?i)(\'|\"|\-\-|;|\/\*|\*\/|union|select|insert|update|delete|drop|exec|xp_)" \
    "id:100001,phase:2,deny,status:403,msg:'SQL Injection attempt detected in Username parameter'"