CVE-2025-5361: Hospital Management System SQLi Vulnerability

CVE-2025-5361 Overview

A SQL injection vulnerability has been discovered in Campcodes Online Hospital Management System 1.0. This issue affects the processing of the file /contact.php, where improper sanitization of the fullname argument allows attackers to inject malicious SQL queries. The attack can be initiated remotely without authentication, potentially enabling unauthorized access to the backend database, data exfiltration, and manipulation of sensitive healthcare records.

Critical Impact

This SQL injection vulnerability in a healthcare management system poses significant risks to patient data confidentiality, data integrity, and regulatory compliance (HIPAA, GDPR). Attackers can remotely exploit this flaw to access, modify, or delete sensitive medical records without authentication.

Affected Products

• Campcodes Online Hospital Management System 1.0

Discovery Timeline

• 2025-05-30 - CVE-2025-5361 published to NVD
• 2025-06-03 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-5361

Vulnerability Analysis

This vulnerability is classified as SQL Injection (CWE-89) and falls under the broader category of Injection vulnerabilities (CWE-74). The flaw exists in the /contact.php endpoint of the Campcodes Online Hospital Management System, where user-supplied input via the fullname parameter is directly incorporated into SQL queries without proper sanitization or parameterization.

The vulnerability allows attackers to manipulate the structure of SQL queries executed against the backend database. Since the application fails to validate or escape user input, malicious SQL statements can be injected through the fullname field, potentially bypassing authentication mechanisms, extracting sensitive data, or modifying database contents. The exploit has been publicly disclosed, increasing the risk of widespread exploitation.

Root Cause

The root cause of this vulnerability is insufficient input validation and the lack of parameterized queries in the /contact.php file. When user input from the fullname parameter is concatenated directly into SQL statements, attackers can break out of the intended query context and inject arbitrary SQL commands. This represents a fundamental secure coding failure where untrusted user input is not properly sanitized before being used in database operations.

Attack Vector

The attack can be executed remotely over the network without requiring any authentication or user interaction. An attacker can craft malicious HTTP requests to the /contact.php endpoint, embedding SQL injection payloads in the fullname parameter. This could enable various attack scenarios including:

• Data Exfiltration: Extracting patient records, medical histories, and personal information from the database
• Authentication Bypass: Manipulating authentication queries to gain unauthorized access
• Data Manipulation: Modifying or deleting critical healthcare records
• Privilege Escalation: Gaining administrative access to the hospital management system

The vulnerability allows attackers to interact with the underlying database, potentially leading to complete compromise of the application's data layer. Technical details and proof-of-concept information have been documented in the GitHub CVE Issue Tracker.

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-5361

Indicators of Compromise

• Unusual SQL syntax or error messages in application logs originating from /contact.php
• Unexpected database queries containing UNION, SELECT, DROP, or other SQL keywords in the fullname field
• Multiple failed or malformed requests to /contact.php from single IP addresses
• Database logs showing unauthorized data access or query patterns inconsistent with normal application behavior

Detection Strategies

• Deploy Web Application Firewall (WAF) rules to detect and block SQL injection patterns in HTTP parameters
• Implement intrusion detection system (IDS) signatures to identify SQL injection attack traffic targeting /contact.php
• Enable detailed application logging and monitor for SQL syntax errors or database exceptions
• Use database activity monitoring to detect anomalous query patterns that may indicate injection attempts

Monitoring Recommendations

• Configure real-time alerting for SQL error messages and exceptions in application logs
• Monitor /contact.php endpoint access patterns for unusual traffic volumes or request characteristics
• Implement database audit logging to track all queries and identify suspicious data access attempts
• Deploy SentinelOne Singularity XDR to provide comprehensive endpoint and workload protection against exploitation attempts

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-5361

Immediate Actions Required

• Restrict or disable public access to the /contact.php endpoint until a patch is available
• Implement WAF rules to filter and block SQL injection payloads targeting the fullname parameter
• Apply network segmentation to isolate the hospital management system from other critical infrastructure
• Review database permissions and apply principle of least privilege to the application's database user account

Patch Information

As of the last update on 2025-06-03, no official vendor patch has been released for this vulnerability. Organizations using Campcodes Online Hospital Management System 1.0 should monitor the vendor website for security updates. Additional vulnerability details are available through VulDB.

Workarounds

• Implement input validation and sanitization for all user-supplied parameters, particularly the fullname field in /contact.php
• Use prepared statements with parameterized queries instead of dynamic SQL concatenation
• Deploy a reverse proxy or WAF with SQL injection detection capabilities in front of the application
• Consider taking the application offline or restricting access to trusted networks until proper remediation can be implemented

# Example WAF rule to block common SQL injection patterns (ModSecurity)
SecRule ARGS:fullname "@detectSQLi" \
    "id:1001,\
    phase:2,\
    deny,\
    status:403,\
    msg:'SQL Injection attempt detected in fullname parameter',\
    log,\
    auditlog"