CVE-2025-4928 Overview
A critical SQL injection vulnerability has been identified in Projectsworld Online Lawyer Management System version 1.0. The vulnerability exists in the /save_lawyer_edit_profile.php file, where improper input validation allows attackers to manipulate SQL queries through multiple parameters. This flaw enables remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands against the backend database without authentication, potentially leading to unauthorized data access, modification, or complete database compromise.
Critical Impact
Remote attackers can exploit this SQL injection vulnerability to extract sensitive legal case data, client information, and lawyer credentials from the database without requiring authentication.
Affected Products
- Projectsworld Online Lawyer Management System version 1.0
Discovery Timeline
- 2025-05-19 - CVE CVE-2025-4928 published to NVD
- 2025-05-21 - Last updated in NVD database
Technical Details for CVE-2025-4928
Vulnerability Analysis
This SQL injection vulnerability affects the /save_lawyer_edit_profile.php endpoint in the Online Lawyer Management System. The application fails to properly sanitize user-supplied input before incorporating it into SQL queries executed against the database. Multiple parameters within this profile editing functionality are susceptible to injection attacks, significantly expanding the attack surface. Since the vulnerability is remotely exploitable without authentication requirements, attackers can leverage this flaw to interact directly with the underlying database.
The exploit has been publicly disclosed, increasing the risk of widespread exploitation. The vulnerability falls under both CWE-89 (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command) and CWE-74 (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component), indicating fundamental input validation failures in the application's architecture.
Root Cause
The root cause of this vulnerability stems from the application's failure to implement proper input sanitization and parameterized queries in the /save_lawyer_edit_profile.php file. User-supplied data from multiple parameters is directly concatenated into SQL query strings without escaping special characters or using prepared statements. This classic SQL injection pattern allows attackers to break out of the intended query structure and inject malicious SQL commands.
Attack Vector
The attack is network-accessible, meaning an attacker can exploit this vulnerability remotely over the internet without requiring local access to the target system. The exploitation process involves sending crafted HTTP requests to the vulnerable endpoint with malicious SQL payloads embedded in the affected parameters.
Attackers can leverage standard SQL injection techniques including UNION-based injection to extract data from other tables, blind SQL injection using time-based or boolean-based inference, and stacked queries to execute multiple SQL statements. The lack of authentication requirements means any remote attacker with network access to the application can attempt exploitation. For detailed technical analysis, refer to the GitHub Issue Discussion and VulDB entry #309490.
Detection Methods for CVE-2025-4928
Indicators of Compromise
- Anomalous HTTP requests to /save_lawyer_edit_profile.php containing SQL syntax characters such as single quotes, double dashes, UNION statements, or encoded SQL keywords
- Database error messages appearing in web server logs or application responses indicating query failures
- Unusual database query patterns or execution times suggesting time-based blind injection attempts
- Unauthorized access to sensitive lawyer or client records without corresponding legitimate user sessions
Detection Strategies
- Deploy Web Application Firewall (WAF) rules to detect and block common SQL injection patterns targeting the vulnerable endpoint
- Enable detailed logging on the database server to capture and analyze suspicious query patterns
- Implement application-level monitoring for requests to /save_lawyer_edit_profile.php with anomalous parameter values
- Configure intrusion detection systems (IDS) with signatures for SQL injection attack patterns
Monitoring Recommendations
- Monitor web server access logs for repeated requests to /save_lawyer_edit_profile.php from single IP addresses
- Set up alerts for database query errors that may indicate injection attempts
- Track unusual database read operations accessing multiple tables in rapid succession
- Implement real-time alerting for any detected SQL injection signatures in network traffic
How to Mitigate CVE-2025-4928
Immediate Actions Required
- Restrict network access to the Online Lawyer Management System to trusted IP ranges only until a patch is available
- Implement a Web Application Firewall with SQL injection protection rules in front of the application
- Consider taking the vulnerable endpoint offline if the profile editing functionality is not critical
- Backup the database immediately and implement additional database access controls
Patch Information
No official vendor patch has been released at the time of this publication. Organizations should monitor the vendor's official channels and security advisories for updates. The affected software is Projectsworld Online Lawyer Management System version 1.0. Additional vulnerability details are available through VulDB CTI ID #309490 and the VulDB Submission #579313.
Workarounds
- Implement input validation at the application layer by filtering and escaping all user input before database queries
- Deploy a reverse proxy or WAF with virtual patching capabilities to intercept and sanitize requests to the vulnerable endpoint
- Modify the application code to use parameterized queries or prepared statements if source code access is available
- Restrict database user privileges to limit the impact of successful SQL injection attacks by applying the principle of least privilege
Disclaimer: This content was generated using AI. While we strive for accuracy, please verify critical information with official sources.
