CVE-2025-4875 Overview
A critical SQL injection vulnerability has been discovered in Campcodes Online Shopping Portal version 1.0. This vulnerability exists in the /forgot-password.php file, where the email parameter is not properly sanitized before being used in SQL queries. Attackers can exploit this flaw remotely to inject malicious SQL commands, potentially leading to unauthorized database access, data theft, or data manipulation.
Critical Impact
Unauthenticated remote attackers can exploit this SQL injection vulnerability to compromise the database backend, potentially exposing sensitive customer information, modifying data, or escalating access within the application.
Affected Products
- Campcodes Online Shopping Portal version 1.0
Discovery Timeline
- 2025-05-18 - CVE-2025-4875 published to NVD
- 2025-05-21 - Last updated in NVD database
Technical Details for CVE-2025-4875
Vulnerability Analysis
This SQL injection vulnerability resides in the password recovery functionality of the Campcodes Online Shopping Portal. The /forgot-password.php endpoint accepts user-supplied input through the email parameter, which is then incorporated directly into SQL queries without proper sanitization or parameterization.
The vulnerability is classified under CWE-89 (SQL Injection) and CWE-74 (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component). The attack can be executed remotely over the network without requiring any authentication or user interaction, making it particularly dangerous for internet-facing deployments.
Successful exploitation could allow attackers to extract sensitive information from the database, bypass authentication mechanisms, modify or delete data, and potentially execute administrative operations on the database server depending on the database configuration and privileges.
Root Cause
The root cause of this vulnerability is improper input validation in the /forgot-password.php file. The application fails to sanitize or parameterize user-supplied input in the email parameter before incorporating it into SQL queries. This classic SQL injection pattern occurs when developers concatenate user input directly into SQL statements instead of using prepared statements with parameterized queries.
Attack Vector
The attack vector is network-based, allowing remote exploitation without authentication. An attacker can craft malicious HTTP requests to the /forgot-password.php endpoint, injecting SQL commands through the email parameter. The exploit has been publicly disclosed, increasing the risk of exploitation in the wild.
The attack involves submitting specially crafted input in the email field that includes SQL syntax designed to alter the intended query logic. Depending on the application's database permissions and error handling, attackers may be able to perform UNION-based injection to extract data, Boolean-based blind injection to enumerate database contents, or time-based blind injection techniques.
For additional technical details, refer to the GitHub CVE Issue Discussion and VulDB entry #309418.
Detection Methods for CVE-2025-4875
Indicators of Compromise
- Unusual SQL error messages appearing in application logs from /forgot-password.php
- Multiple failed or unusual password reset requests with special characters in the email field
- Unexpected database queries or increased database activity from the web application user
- Web server access logs showing requests to /forgot-password.php with encoded SQL syntax
Detection Strategies
- Implement web application firewall (WAF) rules to detect SQL injection patterns in the email parameter
- Monitor application logs for SQL syntax errors or database exceptions originating from the password reset functionality
- Deploy intrusion detection systems (IDS) with signatures for common SQL injection payloads
- Conduct regular security scans targeting the /forgot-password.php endpoint
Monitoring Recommendations
- Enable detailed logging for all database queries executed by the web application
- Set up alerts for anomalous patterns in the email parameter such as single quotes, UNION keywords, or comment sequences
- Monitor for multiple rapid requests to the password reset endpoint from single IP addresses
- Review database audit logs for unauthorized data access or extraction attempts
How to Mitigate CVE-2025-4875
Immediate Actions Required
- Restrict access to the /forgot-password.php endpoint if not immediately required
- Implement a web application firewall (WAF) with SQL injection protection rules
- Add input validation to reject email addresses containing SQL metacharacters
- Consider temporarily disabling the password reset functionality until a patch is applied
Patch Information
At the time of publication, no official vendor patch has been released for this vulnerability. Organizations using Campcodes Online Shopping Portal 1.0 should monitor the Campcodes website for security updates and apply patches as soon as they become available. In the interim, implementing the recommended workarounds is strongly advised.
Workarounds
- Modify the /forgot-password.php code to use parameterized queries or prepared statements for all database interactions
- Implement server-side input validation that strictly validates email format before processing
- Deploy a WAF configured to block requests containing SQL injection patterns
- Limit database user privileges for the web application to the minimum required operations
# Example WAF rule to block SQL injection attempts (ModSecurity)
SecRule ARGS:email "@detectSQLi" \
"id:1001,\
phase:2,\
deny,\
status:403,\
msg:'SQL Injection attempt detected in email parameter',\
logdata:'Matched Data: %{MATCHED_VAR} found within %{MATCHED_VAR_NAME}'"
Disclaimer: This content was generated using AI. While we strive for accuracy, please verify critical information with official sources.
