CVE-2025-47345: Cryptographic Information Disclosure Flaw

CVE-2025-47345 Overview

CVE-2025-47345 is a cryptographic vulnerability affecting Qualcomm products that occurs during the encryption of license data. This weakness falls under CWE-323 (Reusing a Nonce, Key Pair in Encryption), indicating improper cryptographic practices that could allow attackers to compromise the confidentiality and integrity of encrypted license information.

Critical Impact

Local attackers with low privileges can exploit this cryptographic weakness to potentially decrypt sensitive license data and modify encrypted content, with impact extending beyond the vulnerable component scope.

Affected Products

• Qualcomm Products (specific models listed in vendor security bulletin)

Discovery Timeline

• 2026-01-07 - CVE CVE-2025-47345 published to NVD
• 2026-01-08 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-47345

Vulnerability Analysis

This vulnerability stems from a cryptographic implementation flaw in the license data encryption mechanism. The weakness classified under CWE-323 indicates that cryptographic operations may be reusing nonce-key pairs, which fundamentally undermines the security guarantees of encryption schemes.

When a nonce (number used once) is reused with the same encryption key, it can leak information about the plaintext or enable attackers to recover plaintext data entirely. In stream ciphers and certain block cipher modes (like CTR or GCM), nonce reuse is particularly devastating as it allows XOR attacks to recover plaintext when two ciphertexts encrypted with the same nonce-key pair are available.

The local attack vector with low privilege requirements means an attacker with basic system access could potentially exploit this vulnerability. The scope change indicator suggests that successful exploitation could impact components beyond the initially vulnerable system, potentially affecting the broader device security posture.

Root Cause

The root cause is improper implementation of cryptographic operations during license data encryption. Specifically, the vulnerability involves reusing cryptographic nonces or initialization vectors (IVs) with the same encryption key. This practice violates fundamental cryptographic security principles where each encryption operation should use a unique nonce to maintain semantic security.

Attack Vector

The attack requires local access to the affected system with low-level user privileges. An attacker could:

1. Collect multiple ciphertexts encrypted with the same nonce-key pair
2. Perform cryptographic analysis to extract relationships between encrypted data
3. Potentially recover plaintext license data or forge encrypted license information
4. Leverage compromised license data to affect confidentiality and integrity of the system

The vulnerability does not require user interaction and can impact resources beyond the vulnerable component's security scope. For detailed technical information, see the Qualcomm January 2026 Security Bulletin.

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-47345

Indicators of Compromise

• Unusual access patterns to license data files or encryption routines
• Multiple encryption operations producing identical or related ciphertext patterns
• Unexpected modifications to license data structures
• Anomalous process behavior accessing cryptographic components

Detection Strategies

• Monitor system logs for repeated access to license encryption functions from low-privilege processes
• Implement integrity checking for license data files and encryption artifacts
• Deploy endpoint detection to identify exploitation attempts targeting cryptographic components
• Audit cryptographic operations for nonce reuse patterns

Monitoring Recommendations

• Enable verbose logging for license management and cryptographic operations
• Implement file integrity monitoring on license data storage locations
• Configure alerts for unauthorized access attempts to encryption-related system components
• Regularly review system audit logs for privilege escalation indicators

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-47345

Immediate Actions Required

• Review the Qualcomm January 2026 Security Bulletin for specific patch availability
• Apply vendor-provided firmware updates as soon as they become available
• Restrict local access privileges to minimize the attack surface
• Monitor affected systems for signs of exploitation

Patch Information

Qualcomm has disclosed this vulnerability in their January 2026 Security Bulletin. Organizations should consult the official security bulletin for specific patch information, affected product models, and firmware update availability. Contact your device manufacturer or Qualcomm support for detailed remediation guidance specific to your deployment.

Workarounds

• Implement additional access controls to restrict local system access to trusted users only
• Apply principle of least privilege to minimize the number of accounts with system access
• Enable enhanced audit logging to detect potential exploitation attempts
• Consider network segmentation to limit potential impact from compromised devices

# Example: Restrict access to license-related directories (adapt paths as needed)
# Verify with vendor documentation for correct paths on your system
chmod 700 /path/to/license/data
chown root:root /path/to/license/data