CVE-2025-41013 Overview
CVE-2025-41013 is a SQL Injection vulnerability affecting TCMAN GIM v11 in version 20250304. This vulnerability allows an authenticated attacker to manipulate database queries by injecting malicious SQL code through the idmant parameter in the /PC/frmEPIS.aspx endpoint. Successful exploitation enables attackers to retrieve, create, update, and delete database contents, potentially leading to complete compromise of the underlying data store.
With a CVSS 4.0 score of 8.7 (HIGH severity), this vulnerability presents significant risk to organizations using the affected product. The network-accessible attack vector combined with no complex prerequisites makes this an attractive target for threat actors.
Critical Impact
Attackers can perform full database manipulation including data exfiltration, modification, and deletion through the vulnerable idmant parameter, potentially compromising sensitive organizational data and system integrity.
Affected Products
- TCMAN GIM v11 version 20250304
- TCMAN GIM (versions prior to security patch)
Discovery Timeline
- 2025-12-02 - CVE-2025-41013 published to NVD
- 2025-12-03 - Last updated in NVD database
Technical Details for CVE-2025-41013
Vulnerability Analysis
This vulnerability is classified under CWE-89 (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command), commonly known as SQL Injection. The flaw exists in the /PC/frmEPIS.aspx endpoint of the TCMAN GIM application, specifically in how the idmant GET parameter is processed.
The vulnerability carries the following CVSS 4.0 characteristics:
- Attack Vector: Network (AV:N)
- Attack Complexity: Low (AC:L)
- Privileges Required: Low (PR:L)
- User Interaction: None (UI:N)
- Impact: High confidentiality (VC:H), High integrity (VI:H), High availability (VA:H)
The EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System) indicates a probability of 0.034% with a percentile rank of 9.508, suggesting relatively low likelihood of exploitation in the wild at present, though this should not diminish the urgency of remediation given the potential impact.
Root Cause
The root cause of CVE-2025-41013 is insufficient input validation and sanitization of user-supplied data in the idmant parameter. The application fails to properly escape or parameterize SQL queries when processing this input, allowing attackers to inject arbitrary SQL commands that are executed against the backend database.
The vulnerable endpoint /PC/frmEPIS.aspx accepts GET requests where the idmant parameter value is directly concatenated into SQL queries without adequate sanitization, creating a classic SQL injection attack surface.
Attack Vector
The attack vector for this vulnerability is network-based, requiring only low-level privileges to exploit. An attacker can craft malicious GET requests targeting the vulnerable endpoint with SQL injection payloads embedded in the idmant parameter.
The vulnerability allows attackers to perform the following database operations:
- Retrieve sensitive data from the database through UNION-based or error-based SQL injection techniques
- Create new records or database objects
- Update existing data to manipulate application state or escalate privileges
- Delete critical data, potentially causing denial of service or data loss
The attack can be executed remotely over the network without requiring any user interaction, making it particularly dangerous in internet-facing deployments.
Detection Methods for CVE-2025-41013
Indicators of Compromise
- Unusual GET requests to /PC/frmEPIS.aspx containing SQL syntax in the idmant parameter
- Database error messages in application logs indicating malformed SQL queries
- Unexpected database modifications or data exfiltration patterns
- Web server access logs showing suspicious parameter values with SQL keywords (SELECT, UNION, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, DROP)
- Anomalous database query patterns or execution times
Detection Strategies
Organizations should implement the following detection strategies:
Web Application Firewall (WAF) Rules: Deploy WAF rules to detect and block SQL injection attempts targeting the idmant parameter and the /PC/frmEPIS.aspx endpoint.
Log Analysis: Monitor web server access logs for requests containing SQL injection patterns such as single quotes, double dashes, UNION statements, or other SQL keywords in URL parameters.
Database Activity Monitoring: Implement database query logging and monitoring to detect unusual query patterns, especially those originating from the web application tier.
Intrusion Detection Systems: Configure IDS/IPS signatures to identify SQL injection attack patterns in network traffic targeting TCMAN GIM applications.
Monitoring Recommendations
Security teams should establish continuous monitoring for:
- All HTTP traffic to TCMAN GIM installations, particularly requests to /PC/frmEPIS.aspx
- Database transaction logs for unauthorized data access or modifications
- Application error logs for SQL-related exceptions
- Network traffic analysis for data exfiltration patterns following potential exploitation
- SentinelOne Singularity Platform provides behavioral AI detection capabilities that can identify post-exploitation activities and lateral movement attempts following database compromise
How to Mitigate CVE-2025-41013
Immediate Actions Required
- Contact TCMAN vendor for security patches addressing CVE-2025-41013
- Implement Web Application Firewall (WAF) rules to filter SQL injection attempts targeting the idmant parameter
- Restrict network access to TCMAN GIM instances to trusted IP ranges only
- Review database access logs for signs of prior exploitation
- Implement input validation at the network perimeter level as a temporary control
- Consider taking affected systems offline if exposure to untrusted networks cannot be mitigated
Patch Information
Organizations should consult the INCIBE-CERT advisory for official guidance on available patches and remediation steps. The advisory is available at: https://www.incibe.es/en/incibe-cert/notices/aviso/multiple-vulnerabilities-tcman-gim-2
Contact TCMAN directly for information regarding updated versions that address this SQL injection vulnerability. Ensure that any patches are tested in a non-production environment before deployment to production systems.
Workarounds
If immediate patching is not possible, organizations should implement the following compensating controls:
Network Segmentation: Isolate TCMAN GIM systems from untrusted networks and limit access to authorized personnel only.
Web Application Firewall: Deploy a WAF with SQL injection detection rules specifically targeting the vulnerable endpoint.
Input Filtering: Implement reverse proxy rules to sanitize or reject requests containing SQL keywords in the idmant parameter.
Database Permissions: Apply the principle of least privilege to the database account used by the application, restricting its ability to perform destructive operations.
Enhanced Monitoring: Increase logging verbosity and implement real-time alerting for suspicious activity patterns.
# Example WAF rule (ModSecurity) to block SQL injection attempts
SecRule ARGS:idmant "@detectSQLi" \
"id:1001,\
phase:2,\
deny,\
status:403,\
msg:'SQL Injection attempt detected in idmant parameter',\
log,\
auditlog"
Disclaimer: This content was generated using AI. While we strive for accuracy, please verify critical information with official sources.
