CVE-2025-40617: Bookgy SQL Injection Vulnerability

CVE-2025-40617 Overview

CVE-2025-40617 is a critical SQL injection vulnerability affecting Bookgy, a booking management software. This vulnerability allows an attacker to retrieve, create, update, and delete database contents by sending a malicious HTTP request through the IDTIPO, IDPISTA, and IDSOCIO parameters in the /bkg_seleccionar_hora_ajax.php endpoint.

Critical Impact

Unauthenticated attackers can fully compromise database integrity, confidentiality, and availability through SQL injection, potentially leading to complete data exfiltration or destruction.

Affected Products

• Bookgy Bookgy (all versions)

Discovery Timeline

• 2025-04-29 - CVE CVE-2025-40617 published to NVD
• 2025-10-14 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-40617

Vulnerability Analysis

This SQL injection vulnerability (CWE-89) stems from improper neutralization of special elements used in SQL commands within the Bookgy application. The vulnerable endpoint /bkg_seleccionar_hora_ajax.php fails to properly sanitize user-supplied input before incorporating it into database queries.

The vulnerability allows unauthenticated remote attackers to inject arbitrary SQL commands through three distinct parameters: IDTIPO, IDPISTA, and IDSOCIO. Successful exploitation enables attackers to perform full CRUD (Create, Read, Update, Delete) operations on the underlying database, effectively granting complete database control without authentication.

Root Cause

The root cause is improper input validation and lack of parameterized queries in the /bkg_seleccionar_hora_ajax.php file. User-supplied data from the IDTIPO, IDPISTA, and IDSOCIO HTTP parameters is directly concatenated into SQL statements without proper sanitization or the use of prepared statements, enabling SQL injection attacks.

Attack Vector

The vulnerability is exploitable over the network without requiring authentication or user interaction. An attacker can craft malicious HTTP requests targeting the /bkg_seleccionar_hora_ajax.php endpoint with specially crafted values in the vulnerable parameters. The malicious SQL payload is then executed directly against the database, allowing attackers to extract sensitive data, modify records, or potentially destroy database contents.

Since this is a SQL injection affecting multiple parameters, attackers can leverage various SQL injection techniques including UNION-based injection for data extraction, boolean-based blind injection for enumeration, or time-based blind injection to infer information through response timing differences.

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-40617

Indicators of Compromise

• Unusual HTTP requests to /bkg_seleccionar_hora_ajax.php containing SQL syntax patterns in the IDTIPO, IDPISTA, or IDSOCIO parameters
• Database query logs showing unexpected or malformed SQL statements
• Unexpected database operations such as bulk data extraction or unauthorized modifications
• Web server logs containing encoded SQL injection payloads targeting the vulnerable endpoint

Detection Strategies

• Implement Web Application Firewall (WAF) rules to detect and block SQL injection patterns in HTTP requests to the Bookgy application
• Monitor database query logs for suspicious queries containing SQL injection indicators such as UNION, SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, or sleep functions
• Deploy intrusion detection systems (IDS) with signatures for SQL injection attack patterns
• Configure application logging to capture all requests to the vulnerable endpoint for forensic analysis

Monitoring Recommendations

• Enable detailed access logging on web servers hosting Bookgy installations
• Set up alerts for anomalous database activity including bulk reads, unexpected schema queries, or unauthorized data modifications
• Monitor for unusual network traffic patterns from the database server that may indicate data exfiltration
• Implement real-time log analysis to detect SQL injection attempts before successful exploitation

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-40617

Immediate Actions Required

• Restrict network access to Bookgy installations until patches are available
• Implement WAF rules to filter SQL injection attempts targeting the /bkg_seleccionar_hora_ajax.php endpoint
• Review and audit database access logs for signs of prior exploitation
• Consider temporarily disabling the affected functionality if business operations permit

Patch Information

Check the INCIBE Security Notice for the latest vendor guidance and patch availability. Organizations should contact Bookgy directly for official patch information and remediation guidance.

Workarounds

• Deploy a WAF with SQL injection detection rules in front of all Bookgy instances to filter malicious requests
• Implement input validation at the network perimeter to sanitize the IDTIPO, IDPISTA, and IDSOCIO parameters
• Restrict database user permissions to limit potential damage from successful SQL injection attacks
• Consider network segmentation to isolate the database server from direct internet access

# Example WAF rule concept for ModSecurity
# Block SQL injection patterns in vulnerable parameters
SecRule ARGS:IDTIPO|ARGS:IDPISTA|ARGS:IDSOCIO "@detectSQLi" \
    "id:100001,phase:2,deny,status:403,log,msg:'SQL Injection attempt blocked in Bookgy parameter'"