CVE-2025-31912: Enzio WordPress Theme LFI Vulnerability

CVE-2025-31912 Overview

CVE-2025-31912 is a Local File Inclusion (LFI) vulnerability affecting the Gavias Enzio - Responsive Business WordPress Theme. The vulnerability stems from improper control of filename for include/require statements in PHP programs, allowing attackers to include local files from the server filesystem. This weakness is classified under CWE-98 (Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program).

Critical Impact

Attackers can exploit this Local File Inclusion vulnerability to read sensitive files from the server, potentially exposing configuration files, credentials, and other sensitive data. In some scenarios, LFI can be chained with other techniques to achieve remote code execution.

Affected Products

• Gavias Enzio - Responsive Business WordPress Theme versions prior to 1.2.6

Discovery Timeline

• 2025-05-23 - CVE CVE-2025-31912 published to NVD
• 2026-04-15 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-31912

Vulnerability Analysis

This vulnerability exists due to improper sanitization and validation of user-supplied input in file inclusion operations within the Enzio WordPress theme. When the theme processes certain requests, it fails to adequately restrict which files can be included through PHP's include or require functions.

The lack of proper input validation allows an attacker to manipulate file path parameters and traverse the directory structure to access files outside the intended directories. This type of vulnerability is particularly dangerous in WordPress environments where configuration files such as wp-config.php contain database credentials and authentication keys.

Root Cause

The root cause of CVE-2025-31912 lies in insufficient input validation and sanitization of user-controlled parameters that are passed to PHP file inclusion functions. The vulnerable code does not properly restrict the filename parameter, allowing path traversal sequences (such as ../) to be processed. Without proper filtering or allowlisting of acceptable file paths, attackers can reference arbitrary files on the system accessible to the web server process.

Attack Vector

The attack vector for this vulnerability involves manipulating HTTP request parameters to include malicious file paths. An attacker can craft requests containing directory traversal sequences to escape the intended directory and access sensitive system files or WordPress configuration files.

For example, an attacker might attempt to traverse directories to reach sensitive files like /etc/passwd on Linux systems or WordPress's wp-config.php file containing database credentials. While this is classified as a Local File Inclusion vulnerability (as opposed to Remote File Inclusion), the impact can still be severe depending on what files are accessible and whether the attacker can leverage the inclusion of log files or other writable files to achieve code execution.

See the Patchstack Enzio Theme Vulnerability advisory for additional technical details.

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-31912

Indicators of Compromise

• Web server logs containing path traversal sequences (../, ..%2f, %2e%2e/) in request parameters
• Unusual access attempts targeting WordPress theme files in the /wp-content/themes/enzio/ directory
• Requests containing references to sensitive files such as /etc/passwd, wp-config.php, or .htaccess
• HTTP requests with encoded path traversal patterns attempting to bypass basic filters

Detection Strategies

• Deploy Web Application Firewall (WAF) rules to detect and block path traversal patterns in incoming requests
• Enable detailed logging for WordPress and monitor for suspicious file access patterns
• Implement file integrity monitoring to detect unauthorized access to sensitive configuration files
• Use intrusion detection systems (IDS) with signatures for PHP LFI attack patterns

Monitoring Recommendations

• Monitor web server error logs for failed file inclusion attempts or file not found errors with unusual paths
• Set up alerts for any access to WordPress configuration files from unexpected sources
• Track and analyze requests to the Enzio theme directory for anomalous patterns
• Implement real-time monitoring of PHP error logs for include/require failures with user-supplied paths

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-31912

Immediate Actions Required

• Update the Gavias Enzio WordPress theme to version 1.2.6 or later immediately
• Review web server logs for any signs of exploitation attempts
• Audit file permissions to ensure sensitive files are not world-readable
• Consider temporarily disabling the vulnerable theme until patches can be applied

Patch Information

The vulnerability is addressed in Enzio theme version 1.2.6. WordPress administrators should update through the WordPress admin dashboard or by downloading the latest version directly from the theme vendor. For detailed patch information, refer to the Patchstack security advisory.

Workarounds

• Implement Web Application Firewall (WAF) rules to block requests containing path traversal sequences
• Restrict PHP's open_basedir directive to limit file access to the WordPress directory structure
• Use security plugins like Wordfence or Sucuri to add an additional layer of protection against LFI attacks
• Disable directory listing and ensure proper file permissions are set on sensitive configuration files

# Example Apache .htaccess configuration to help mitigate path traversal attacks
# Add to WordPress root directory

# Block common path traversal patterns
<IfModule mod_rewrite.c>
RewriteEngine On
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} (\.\./|\.\.%2f|%2e%2e) [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} (\.\./|\.\.%2f|%2e%2e) [NC]
RewriteRule .* - [F,L]
</IfModule>

# Restrict access to wp-config.php
<Files wp-config.php>
Order Allow,Deny
Deny from all
</Files>