CVE-2025-30706: Oracle MySQL Connectors Privilege Escalation

CVE-2025-30706 Overview

CVE-2025-30706 is a security vulnerability affecting the MySQL Connectors product of Oracle MySQL, specifically within the Connector/J component. This vulnerability stems from incorrect default permissions (CWE-276), allowing a low-privileged attacker with network access to potentially achieve a complete takeover of the MySQL Connectors component. While the vulnerability is difficult to exploit, successful exploitation can result in significant impacts to confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the affected system.

Critical Impact

Successful exploitation allows complete takeover of MySQL Connectors, affecting confidentiality, integrity, and availability of database connectivity infrastructure.

Affected Products

• Oracle MySQL Connectors (Connector/J) versions 9.0.0 through 9.2.0

Discovery Timeline

• April 15, 2025 - CVE-2025-30706 published to NVD
• April 21, 2025 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-30706

Vulnerability Analysis

This vulnerability exists within the Connector/J component of Oracle MySQL Connectors. The root cause is classified as CWE-276 (Incorrect Default Permissions), indicating that the software sets insecure default permissions for resources that could allow unauthorized access or modification. The vulnerability requires network access and can be exploited through multiple protocols, though it requires specific conditions to be met, making it difficult to exploit in practice.

The vulnerability affects versions 9.0.0 through 9.2.0 of MySQL Connector/J, which is a widely-used JDBC driver for connecting Java applications to MySQL databases. Given that Connector/J is commonly deployed in enterprise environments to facilitate database connectivity, the potential impact of this vulnerability extends to any application relying on affected versions of this component.

Root Cause

The vulnerability is attributed to Incorrect Default Permissions (CWE-276). This occurs when the software does not properly restrict access to resources through appropriate permission settings during default installation or configuration. In the context of MySQL Connector/J, this could allow an authenticated low-privileged attacker to access or modify resources that should be protected, ultimately leading to a complete compromise of the connector component.

Attack Vector

The attack vector for CVE-2025-30706 is network-based, requiring the attacker to have low-privileged access to the target system. The exploitation is classified as difficult, meaning specific conditions must be met for an attack to succeed. No user interaction is required for exploitation. The attacker would need to leverage the network connectivity and the improper permission settings to escalate privileges or gain unauthorized access to the MySQL Connectors component.

The exploitation mechanism involves taking advantage of the incorrect default permissions to bypass intended access controls, potentially allowing the attacker to execute operations with elevated privileges or access sensitive configuration and connection data managed by the connector.

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-30706

Indicators of Compromise

• Unusual authentication attempts or access patterns to MySQL Connector/J configurations
• Unexpected modifications to connector configuration files or permissions
• Anomalous network traffic patterns on database connection ports from low-privileged accounts
• Log entries indicating privilege escalation attempts or unauthorized resource access

Detection Strategies

• Monitor Java application logs for unexpected Connector/J behavior or error messages related to permission issues
• Implement database activity monitoring to detect unusual connection patterns or privilege escalation attempts
• Use endpoint detection solutions to identify processes attempting to access MySQL Connector/J resources with inappropriate permissions
• Deploy SentinelOne agents to detect and alert on suspicious activities targeting database connectivity components

Monitoring Recommendations

• Enable verbose logging for MySQL Connector/J to capture detailed connection and authentication events
• Configure SIEM rules to correlate database connectivity anomalies with potential exploitation attempts
• Regularly audit file permissions on Connector/J installation directories and configuration files
• Monitor for new or modified JAR files in the Connector/J deployment paths

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-30706

Immediate Actions Required

• Upgrade MySQL Connector/J to a patched version above 9.2.0 as recommended by Oracle
• Review and harden file system permissions on Connector/J installation directories
• Restrict network access to database connectivity components to only authorized systems
• Implement network segmentation to limit exposure of systems using vulnerable Connector/J versions

Patch Information

Oracle has addressed this vulnerability in their April 2025 Critical Patch Update. Organizations should apply the latest patches by consulting the Oracle Critical Patch Update Advisory. Additionally, NetApp has released a related security advisory available at the NetApp Security Advisory NTAP-20250418-0007.

Workarounds

• Implement strict network access controls to limit connectivity to systems running affected Connector/J versions
• Deploy application-level authentication mechanisms as an additional layer of protection
• Use firewall rules to restrict database connection traffic to trusted IP addresses only
• Consider temporarily isolating applications using affected Connector/J versions until patches can be applied

# Example: Restrict file permissions on Connector/J installation
chmod 750 /path/to/mysql-connector-j/
chown root:dbadmin /path/to/mysql-connector-j/
chmod 640 /path/to/mysql-connector-j/*.jar