CVE-2025-30212: Frappe Framework SQLi Vulnerability

CVE-2025-30212 Overview

An SQL Injection vulnerability has been identified in Frappe Framework, a full-stack web application framework. This security flaw allows malicious actors to inject arbitrary SQL commands through the application, potentially enabling unauthorized access to sensitive information stored in the database. The vulnerability affects versions prior to 14.89.0 and 15.51.0.

Critical Impact

Attackers can exploit this SQL Injection vulnerability to extract sensitive data from the database without authentication, potentially compromising confidential business information, user credentials, and other protected data stored within Frappe-based applications.

Affected Products

• Frappe Framework versions prior to 14.89.0 (v14 branch)
• Frappe Framework versions prior to 15.51.0 (v15 branch)
• All Frappe-based applications including ERPNext running vulnerable framework versions

Discovery Timeline

• 2025-03-25 - CVE-2025-30212 published to NVD
• 2025-08-01 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-30212

Vulnerability Analysis

This SQL Injection vulnerability (CWE-89) in Frappe Framework allows attackers to manipulate database queries through improperly sanitized user input. SQL Injection occurs when an application incorporates user-controlled data into SQL queries without adequate validation or parameterization, enabling attackers to modify query logic and access unauthorized data.

The vulnerability is exploitable over the network without requiring authentication or user interaction, making it particularly concerning for publicly accessible Frappe deployments. Successful exploitation enables attackers to read sensitive information from the database, though integrity and availability impacts appear limited based on the vulnerability characteristics.

Root Cause

The root cause stems from insufficient input validation and sanitization in the Frappe Framework's data handling routines. User-supplied input is being incorporated into SQL queries without proper parameterization or escaping, allowing specially crafted input to break out of the intended query structure and execute arbitrary SQL commands.

The patches released by Frappe include updates to various components including frappe/desk/form/load.py which now imports clean_email_html from frappe.utils.html_utils, suggesting additional input sanitization was implemented as part of the security fixes.

Attack Vector

The attack vector is network-based, allowing remote attackers to exploit the vulnerability without prior authentication. Attackers can craft malicious requests containing SQL injection payloads targeting vulnerable input fields or parameters within the Frappe application.

The following patch shows part of the security updates applied to address vulnerabilities in the v15 and v14 branches:

from frappe.model.utils.user_settings import get_user_settings
from frappe.permissions import get_doc_permissions
from frappe.utils.data import cstr
+from frappe.utils.html_utils import clean_email_html


@frappe.whitelist()

Source: GitHub Commit Fix

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-30212

Indicators of Compromise

• Unusual database queries in application logs containing SQL syntax characters such as single quotes, semicolons, or SQL keywords like UNION, SELECT, or DROP
• Error messages in web server logs indicating SQL syntax errors or database exceptions
• Unexpected data access patterns or large data exfiltration from the database
• Authentication bypasses or unauthorized access to administrative functions

Detection Strategies

• Implement Web Application Firewall (WAF) rules to detect and block common SQL injection patterns in HTTP requests
• Enable detailed logging for the Frappe application and database to capture suspicious query activity
• Deploy database activity monitoring to identify anomalous queries that deviate from normal application behavior
• Utilize intrusion detection systems (IDS) with signatures for SQL injection attack patterns

Monitoring Recommendations

• Monitor Frappe application logs for error messages containing database-related exceptions
• Set up alerts for unusual database query patterns or unauthorized data access attempts
• Track authentication events and flag any anomalies that may indicate exploitation attempts
• Review web server access logs for requests containing suspicious URL-encoded SQL injection payloads

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-30212

Immediate Actions Required

• Upgrade Frappe Framework to version 14.89.0 or later for v14 deployments
• Upgrade Frappe Framework to version 15.51.0 or later for v15 deployments
• Review database access logs for signs of prior exploitation
• Consider temporarily restricting network access to Frappe instances until patches are applied

Patch Information

Frappe has released security patches that address this vulnerability in both the v14 and v15 branches. The fixes are available through the following commits:

• Version 15 fix: GitHub Commit Update (PR #28897)
• Version 14 fix: GitHub Commit Fix (PR #28898)

For complete details, refer to the GitHub Security Advisory.

Workarounds

• No official workarounds are available for this vulnerability; upgrading is the only remediation option
• Deploy a Web Application Firewall (WAF) with SQL injection protection as a temporary mitigation layer
• Restrict network access to the Frappe application to trusted IP addresses or VPN connections
• Enable database audit logging to detect potential exploitation attempts while awaiting patch deployment

# Upgrade Frappe Framework to patched version
# For version 14.x deployments:
bench update --branch version-14-hotfix
bench migrate

# For version 15.x deployments:
bench update --branch version-15-hotfix
bench migrate

# Verify the installed version after upgrade
bench version